分析HIV/AIDS患者鼻出血的临床特征、易发原因，以探讨临床上合适的治疗方法及预防措施。

将本院于2010年12月至2017年2月其他科室到耳鼻喉会诊的HIV/AIDS合并鼻出血72例患者作为调查对象，分析疾病特点，总结相关因素，探讨治疗方法及疗效。

患者鼻腔黏膜以干燥、溃疡、糜烂或萎缩为主（24例），其中14例患者鼻腔黏膜水肿，22例患者合并鼻窦炎、鼻前庭炎等相关疾病；出血性质以黏膜破溃、糜烂、水肿等出血为主（37例），其余患者为动脉出血（21例）及静脉出血（14例）；出血频次以多次为主，> 3次者47例，首次发作者17例，2~3次者8例；出血侧别以双侧为主（43例），单侧出血者29例。以上各指标采用多个率趋势的卡方检验，差异均具有统计学意义（P均< 0.05）。72例患者中65例出现血常规、凝血功能的异常，70例患者免疫功能下降。经积极治疗后成功治愈者52例、缓解者18例、无效者2例。

HIV/AIDS患者鼻出血与其基础疾病相关，临床上采取鼻腔填塞及鼻内镜下微创治疗疗效良好，辅以局部可调式鼻腔冲洗器保湿护理的措施，可较好地预防、恰当地治疗，提高患者的生存质量，减轻痛苦。

To investigate the clinical characteristics and causes of nasal bleeding in patients with HIV/AIDS, and to explore the appropriate treatment methods and preventive measures.

The clinical data of 72 HIV/AIDS patients with epistaxis from December 2010 to February 2017, who were consulted from other divisions in our hospital were collected. The disease feature, relevant factors, and therapeutic method were anaylzed.

The nasal mucosa was majorly with dry, ulcers, erosion or atrophy of 24 cases among the 72 cases , 14 patients had nasal mucosal edema, 22 patients had nasal sinusitis, nasal vestigitis and other related diseases. Hemorrhage was mainly caused by ulceration of mucous membrane, erosion and edema (37 cases), the remaining patients were with arterial bleeding (21 cases) and venous hemorrhage (14 cases). The frequency of bleeding was mainly multiple, with 47 cases of more than 3 times, and 17 cases for the first time, and 8 cases for 2-3 times. The bleeding site was principally bilateral (43 cases) and unilateral hemorrhage was 29 cases. The above indexes were tested by χ² test of multiple rates, with significant differences (P all < 0.05). Abnormal blood routine and coagulation function occurred in 65 patients among the 72 cases, and the immune function of 70 patients decreased. There were 52 cases with successful cure after active treatment, 18 cases relieved and 2 cases were invalid.

The characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients with epistaxis associated with underlying diseases, and the clinical efficacy by nasal packing and endoscopic minimally invasive treatment was well, which could be supplemented by local flushing adjustable nasal moisturizing care measures can prevent, treat appropriately, improve the quality of patients life, and relieve the pain.