To investigate the clinical characteristics, laboratory examination and treatment of Babella infection.

Data of diagnosis and treatment of a patient infected with Babella and induced hemophagocytic syndrome in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University on August 28th, 2017 were analyzed, retrospectively.

The patient lived in Beijing and had no contact history of epidemic water, but had a history of labor in rural areas of Hebei Province, following by fever, thirst, polyuria, edema accompanied by decreased white blood cells, red blood cells, platelet count, blood sodium, jaundice and blood chlorine. Blood smear and bone marrow smear showed that erythrocyte endosomes and suspected Babesia infection. After timely administration of antibiotics and clindamycin, all the symptoms disappeared and laboratory indexes of the patient restored.

Although the disease is reported in Northern Mongolian border, Yunnan and Southeastern coast of China, but there are still some sporadic cases in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, so we still should be vigilant about the disease, which is easy to be misdiagnosed as hematological diseases and timely blood smear is very important.