To explore the clinical features, laboratory tests and imaging features of children with mycoplasma pneumonia (MPP).

Total of 86 cases with pneumonia at 0-13 years old in our hospital were selected from July 2012 to December 2014. According to pathological examination results of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, the 86 cases were divided into observation group (MPP group) and control group (non-MPP group), and the clinical data were analyzed, retrospectively.

The disease duration and the period for fever of patients in observation group were significantly longer than those of control group (t = 2.216, P = 0.038; t = 1.969, P = 0.049); The score at night cough, fever and high fever and other clinical manifestations and laboratory index of patients in observation group were significantly higher than that of control group (χ² = 2.214, P = 0.024; χ² = 6.182, P = 0.030; χ² = 4.001, P = 0.047). All 86 patients were associated with symptoms of cough and abnormal X-ray characteristics of the lungs. The appear wheezing, lobar pneumonia, lung wet rales and pleural effusion, clinical manifestations and laboratory indexes of patients in observation group were significantly higher than those of control group (χ² = 4.526, P = 0.031; χ² = 6.874, P = 0.014; χ² = 11.553, P = 0.000; χ² = 5.287, P = 0.009). The rate of pulmonary manifestations in observation group were significantly higher than that of control group (χ² = 4.182, P = 0.037). For urinalysis abnormalities, gastrointestinal manifestations and rash and other symptoms, there were no significant differences between the two group (χ² = 2.413, P = 0.561; χ²= 1.649, P = 0.672; χ² = 264.7, P = 0.204).

Children with MPP had severe cough symptoms and respiratory system disease, but mild pulmonary signs, long period for symptomatic treatment to restore, at the same time early diagnosis should be confirmed for children with penumonia determine the cause and to improve the prognosis.