Abstract:
Objective
To explore the early warning indicators of refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP) in children, which especially included the detection of CXC chemokine ligand 9 (CXCL9)in peripheral blood, and to provide basis for early clinical identification of RMPP and early intervention.
Methods
Total of 128 children diagnosed with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) in the respiratory department of Children’s Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Institute of Pediatrics from August 2021 to April 2022 were selected. Among them, 45 cases were diagnosed with RMPP (RMPP group) and 83 cases without RMPP were set as control group. The general data, clinical symptoms, signs, laboratory tests and internal and external pulmonary complications were compared between the two groups, respectively. Serum chemokine CXCL9 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The independent risk factors of RMPP were analyzed by Binary Logistic regression, while the correlation between CXCL9 and fever duration, neutrophil ratio, C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), D-dimer, serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels, intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary complications were analyzed by Spearman correlation test.
Results
The fever duration [12 (11, 15) d vs. 10 (8, 11) d] and hospital duration [9 (6, 11) d vs. 6 (4, 7) d] in RMPP group were significantly longer than those of control group, with significant differences (Z =-5.929, P < 0.001; Z =-5.949, P < 0.001). The incidence of intrapulmonary(48.9% vs. 14.5%) and extrapulmonary complications (71.1% vs. 33.7%) were both significantly higher than those of control group, with significant differences (χ2 = 17.734, P < 0.001; χ2 = 16.369, P < 0.001). The neutrophil ratio (t = 2.339, P = 0.021), CRP (Z =-4.564, P < 0.001), D-dimer (Z =-6.024, P < 0.001), LDH(Z =-5.535, P < 0.001), CXCL9 (Z =-2.181, P = 0.029), IL-6 (Z =-4.2, P < 0.001) and IFN-γ (Z =-3.729,P < 0.001) levels in RMPP group were significantly higher than those of control group, all with significant differences. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that fever duration (OR = 1.818, 95%CI: 1.363-2.425,P < 0.001) and CXCL9 level (OR = 1.002, 95%CI: 1.000-1.004, P = 0.04) were both influencing factors for RMPP. CXCL9 level in peripheral blood was positively correlated with CRP (r = 0.179, P = 0.044), LDH(r = 0.262, P = 0.003) and IL-6 (r = 0.279, P = 0.001), which was positively correlated with IFN-γ level (r =0.441, P < 0.001).
Conclusions
Fever duration, peripheral blood CRP, D-dimer, LDH, IL-6, IFN-γ and serum CXCL9 levels of children with RMPP increased significantly, and fever duration and serum CXCL9 level are influencing factors for RMPP. All the above indicators could be early warning indicators of RMPP, and provide basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Key words:
Refractory mycoplasma pnenumoniae pneumonia,
CXC motif chemokine 9,
Interferon-γ,
Influencing factor,
Children
Baoying Zheng, Xiaolan Huang, Nan Jia, Chunmei Zhu. Early warning indicators of children with refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia[J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(04): 215-221.