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中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版) ›› 2016, Vol. 10 ›› Issue (05) : 583 -588. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2016.05.015

临床论著

6 536株临床分离菌分布特点及耐药分析
卢得盛1, 张明磊2, 于静波2, 任微2, 孟冬娅2, 刘静2,()   
  1. 1. 121001 锦州市,锦州医科大学沈阳军区总医院研究生基地
    2. 110016 沈阳市,沈阳军区总医院检验科
  • 收稿日期:2015-07-13 出版日期:2016-10-15
  • 通信作者: 刘静

Analysis of antibiotic resistance and clinical distribution of 6 536 isolated stains

Desheng Lu1, Minglei Zhang2, Jingbo Yu2, Wei Ren2, Dongya Meng2, Jing Liu2,()   

  1. 1. Postgratuate Training Base of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China
    2. Department of Clinical Laboratory, The General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command, Shenyang 110016, China
  • Received:2015-07-13 Published:2016-10-15
  • Corresponding author: Jing Liu
引用本文:

卢得盛, 张明磊, 于静波, 任微, 孟冬娅, 刘静. 6 536株临床分离菌分布特点及耐药分析[J]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2016, 10(05): 583-588.

Desheng Lu, Minglei Zhang, Jingbo Yu, Wei Ren, Dongya Meng, Jing Liu. Analysis of antibiotic resistance and clinical distribution of 6 536 isolated stains[J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2016, 10(05): 583-588.

目的

调查沈阳军区总医院临床常见分离病原菌分布及抗菌药物耐药性3年间的变迁。

方法

抗菌药物敏感试验参照CLSI 2012年、2013年和2014年版进行并判断结果,使用WHONET 5.5软件及SPSS 17.0软件进行数据统计分析。

结果

按患者首次分离菌株进行统计分析,收集时间为2012至2014年的每年4月1日至9月30日。共收集临床分离菌共6 536株,其中,革兰阴性菌5 390株,占82.47%;革兰阳性菌1 146株,占17.53%。革兰阴性菌中分离率排列前3位的分别是鲍曼不动杆菌(占21.02%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(占20.38%)和铜绿假单胞菌(占19.09%)。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)检出率为41.56%。3年来耐万古霉素的屎肠球菌分别占2.6%、5.3%和1.3%。肠杆菌科细菌对碳青霉烯类抗菌药物耐药率低于1.5%,肺炎克雷伯菌的耐药率低于大肠埃希菌。近3年来,鲍曼不动杆菌对包括亚胺培南在内的大多数监测药物耐药率均超过60.0%,而铜绿假单胞菌对大多数药物则保持了较高的抗菌活性。

结论

加强细菌耐药性监测,及早发现耐药机制,及时掌握细菌耐药变迁,以指导临床合理选择抗菌药物。

Objective

To investigate the distribution and prevalence of antimicrobial susceptibility in the General Hospital of Shenyang Military Command during 2012-2014.

Methods

The results were analyzed according to the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoints (2012, 2013 and 2014), and all data were analyzed by WHONET 5.5 and SPSS 17.0 software.

Results

Total of 6 536 isolates were collected from clinic every year from April 1st to September 30th during 2012-2014. Among which, there were 5 390 (82.47%) Gram-negative bacterial isolates and 1 146 (17.53%) Gram-positive bacterial isolates. The top three Gram-negative bacterial isolates were Acinetobacter baumannii (21.02%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.38%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.09%). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) accounted for 41.56% from Staphylococcus aureus. All the isolates with vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) accounted for 2.6%, 5.3% and 1.3% from 2012-2014, respectively. The rate of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) was < 1.5%, and Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant rate was lower than that of Escherichia coli. Acinetobacter baumannii had higher resistance to imipenem, with the resistant rate of 60.0% increase from 2012 to 2014, and the isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were still highly susceptible to most surveillance drugs.

Conclusions

Surveillance of bacterial resistance was important and valuable for understanding the resistant pattern change in local hospital and rational selection of antimicrobial agents.

表1 2012至2014年分离的6 536株主要病原菌的构成
表2 2012至2014年葡萄球菌属对抗菌药物的耐药率和敏感率(%)
表3 2012至2014年耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌对抗菌药物的耐药率和敏感率(%)
表4 2102至2014年屎肠球菌对抗菌药物的耐药率和敏感性(%)
表5 2012至2014年肠杆菌科细菌对抗菌药物的耐药率和敏感率(%)
表6 2012至2014年非发酵菌科细菌对抗菌药物的耐药率和敏感率(%)
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