Mycoplasma pneumonia, one kind of common pathogenic microorganisms which could lead to respiratory infection, has unique epidemiologic characteristics. Beside the respiratory symptoms, mycoplasma pneumonia infection could also cause other damages including digestive, nervous, urinary system and so on. It is difficult to make clinical diagnosis because the symptoms and signs of patients infected by mycoplasma pneumonia are not specific. Once infected by mycoplasma pneumonia, macrolides antibiotics are preferred drugs. In recent years, higher detection rate of macrolides-resistence mycoplasma pneumonia put forward new challenge for clinical diagnosis and treatment. The main detection methods include separation culture, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection and serological diagnosis. Compared with separate culture, PCR detection and other detection methods, serological detection is time-saving, more economic, and has strong feasibility and so on. There are differences between different serological markers in sensitivity and specificity. In this paper, the research progress on the serologic markers of mycoplasma pneumonia was reviewed.