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Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (02): 96-103. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2025.02.005

• Research Articles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effect of vaginal mucosal immunity and human papilloma virus infection on aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy efficacy in patients with low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia

Caifeng Hua1, Juan Gao1, Yafang Xia1, Jinjin Wang1, Di Wang1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jiangyin Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangyin 214400, China
  • Received:2025-01-08 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-06-10
  • Contact: Di Wang

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the effect and interaction of vaginal mucosal immune function and human papilloma virus (HPV)16/18 infection on therapeutic efficacy of aminolevulinic acidphotodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).

Methods

Total of 124 patients with CIN admitted to Jiangyin Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from June 2021 to March 2023 were collected. According to the efficacy of ALA-PDT, the patients were divided into ineffective group (31 cases) and effective group (93 cases). The general information, vaginal mucosal immune function and HPV16/18 infection status of the two groups were compared. The influencing factors of ineffective ALAPDT in CIN patients were analyzed by multiple Logistic regression analysis, and the interaction between vaginal mucosal immune function and HPV16/18 infection on ALA-PDT efficacy in CIN patients were analyzed by a generalized multi factor dimensionality reduction model.

Results

Age (χ2 = 4.803, P = 0.028)and history of miscarriage (χ2 = 12.949, P < 0.001) between effective group and ineffective group were significantly different. CD3+ T lymphocytes [(60.05 ± 12.26)% vs. (48.82 ± 9.63)%: t = 4.641, P < 0.001],CD4+ T lymphocytes [(39.05 ± 7.05)% vs. (33.10 ± 5.21)%: t = 4.318, P < 0.001], CD4+/CD8+ T [(1.38 ± 0.31)vs. (1.09 ± 0.23): t = 4.783, P < 0.001], IgA [(2.21 ± 0.66) g/L vs. (1.61 ± 0.43) g/L: t = 4.731, P < 0.001],IgG [(13.68 ± 4.18) g/L vs. (10.35 ± 3.21) g/L: t = 4.051, P < 0.001], IgM [(1.26 ± 0.29 g/L) vs. (1.07 ± 0.23) g/L:t = 3.314, P = 0.001]and the proportion of HPV16/18 positivity [37 (39.78%) vs. 21 (67.74%): χ2 = 7.299,P = 0.007]of patients in effective group were significantly higher than those of the ineffective group; CD8+ T lymphocytes of patients in effective group [(27.50 ± 6.08)% vs. (30.36 ± 7.11)%: t = 2.172, P = 0.032]was significantly lower than that of the ineffective group, with significant differences. Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR = 1.864, 95%CI: 1.100-3.158, P = 0.021), CD4+/CD8+ T (OR = 0.586, 95%CI: 0.433-0.792, P = 0.001), IgA (OR = 0.657, 95%CI: 0.497-0.868, P = 0.003) and HPV16/18 (OR = 2.767, 95%CI:1.239-6.180, P = 0.013) were independent influencing factors for ALA-PDT failure in CIN patients. GMDR interaction analysis results showed that CD3+ T lymphocyte, CD4+ T lymphocyte, CD8+ T lymphocyte, CD4+/CD8+ T, IgA and HPV16/18 infection interacted with each other in the clinical efficacy of CIN (test sample accuracy = 0.7342, P < 0.01).

Conclusions

Age, CD4+/CD8+ T, IgA level and HPV16/18 infection were all independent influencing factors for the efficacy of ALA-PDT in CIN patients. Logistic regression model established based on the above factors could predict the clinical efficacy of ALA-PDT.

Key words: Vaginal mucosal immune function, Human papilloma virus, Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, Aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy

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