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Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition) ›› 2021, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (03): 164-170. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2021.03.004

• Research Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Risk factors of ventilator associated pneumonia and prognosis analysis of cerebral stroke patients with mechanical ventilation

Yuan An1, Dawei Zhou2, Guangzhi Shi2,()   

  1. 1. Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
    2. Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
  • Received:2020-11-02 Online:2021-06-15 Published:2021-07-30
  • Contact: Guangzhi Shi

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients with mechanical ventilation who were admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) and the risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included adult ischemic stroke patients with mechanical ventilation who were admitted to ICU from January 2013 to December 2018 in MIMIC-Ⅳ database of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in America. The exposure was VAP. Age, gender, body mass index, ischemic stroke classification, disease history (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic renal insufficiency, history of malignancy and atrial fibrillation), Glasgow coma score (GCS), sequential organ failure score (SOFA), gag reflex and cough reflex, blood routine on the day of mechanical ventilation were collected. The outcome indexes were duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU and hospital duration, ICU and hospital mortality. Risk factors of VAP and the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients with mechanical ventilation were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression .

Results

Total of 269 patients with ischemic stroke and mechanical ventilation were enrolled, among whom, 31 (11.5%) had VAP. Compared with non-VAP patients, the duration of mechanical ventilation [234 (178, 327) hours vs. 82 (59, 149) hours; Z = 6.519, P < 0.001], ICU duration (13.0 (10.0, 17.5) days vs. 5.0 (3.0, 9.0) days, Z = 5.988, P < 0.001) and hospital duration [18.0 (11.5, 25.0) days vs. 10.0 (5.0, 17.0) days, Z = 3.936, P < 0.001] were all significantly longer than those of VAP patients, with significant differences. Multivariate regression analysis showed that duration of mechanical ventilation [odds ratio (OR) = 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-1.24, P = 0.005], body mass index (OR = 1.14, 95%CI: 1.05-1.26, P = 0.004) and lymphocyte count (OR = 0.27, 95%CI: 0.11-0.61, P = 0.002) were all risk factors for VAP; age (OR = 1.04, 95%CI: 1.01-1.08, P = 0.009), GCS score (OR = 0.88, 95%CI: 0.78-0.97, P = 0.017) and duration of mechanical ventilation (OR = 1.08, 95%CI: 1.01-1.17, P = 0.048) were risk factors for the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients with mechanical ventilation, but VAP was not the risk factor (OR = 1.01, 95%CI: 0.31-3.09, P = 0.967).

Conclusions

The duration of mechanical ventilation, body mass index and lymphocyte count were risk factors for VAP. VAP was not the risk factor for the prognosis of ischemic stroke patients with mechanical ventilation.

Key words: Ischemic stroke, Ventilator-associated pneumonia, Risk factors, Mortality

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