To investigate the effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA load on outcomes of maternal and neonatal.

The clinical data of 1 783 pregnant women were collected in our hospital from November 2010 to December 2014, including 631 cases of HBV carriers, 1 152 cases of non-HBV carriers. All cases were divided into positive group (281 cases) with HBV DNA ≥ 1.0 × 10³ U/ml and negative group (350 cases) with HBV DNA < 1.0 × 10³ U/ml, while the HBV negative pregnant women were collected as control group. The pregnant weeks of childbirth, gestational age of delivery, rate of cesarean section, days of stay in hospital, complications (such as premature delivery, postpartum hemorrhage, gestational hypertension or fetal distress), and birth weight, neonatal asphyxia, hyperbilirubinemia occurrence of newborn were compared, respectively.

There were no significant differences of pregnant weeks of childbirth, cesarean section rate and the days of stay in hospital among the three groups (F = 1.750, P = 0.175; χ² = 1.575, P = 0.230; F = 0.982, P = 0.465), but the incidences of preterm birth among the three groups were significantly different (F = 10.148, P = 0.006), and the incidence of premature delivery in the positive group was 8.84%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (3.73%), with significant difference (χ²= 13.328, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, pregnancy induced hypertension and fetal distress among the three groups (all P > 0.05), but the bleeding volume of patients in the positive and negative groups were significantly higher than that of the control group (t = 92.823, 8.714; all P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in postpartum haemorrhage amount between the positive group and negative group. The neonatal weights of three groups were significantly difference (F = 137.240, P < 0.001), and the neonatal weights of the positive group and negative group were significantly lower than that of the control group (t = 15.243, 14.871; all P < 0.001). There was no significant different in the incidence of neonatal asphyxia among the three groups (χ² = 3.185, P = 0.203), the incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia among the three groups were significantly different (χ² = 58.949, 64.060; all P < 0.001), which was not significantly different between positive and negative groups (χ² = 0.012, P = 0.913).

With HBV DNA load increasing, the incidence of preterm labor, maternal postpartum haemorrhage amount and neonatal hyperbilirubinemia increased, while the neonatal weight decreased and had no influence on other complications during pregnancy.