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中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版) ›› 2018, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (04) : 341 -347. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2018.04.006

所属专题: 文献

论著

血清乳酸脱氢酶检测在获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者合并机会感染中的临床价值
周泱1, 孙丽琴1, 吕德良2, 程林1, 李莎茜1, 徐六妹1, 王辉1,()   
  1. 1. 518112 深圳市,广东省深圳市第三人民医院感染科
    2. 518020 深圳市,广东省深圳市慢性病防治中心健康与慢病管理科
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-29 出版日期:2018-08-15
  • 通信作者: 王辉
  • 基金资助:
    "十三五"艾滋病和病毒性肝炎等重大传染病防治科技重大专项(No. 2017ZX10202101-002-004); 深圳"医疗卫生三名工程"项目(No.深卫计发[2016]23); 深圳市科技创新项目(No.深科技创新[2016]148号)

Clinical value of lactate dehydrogenase detection in early diagnosis of opportunistic infections in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome

Yang Zhou1, Liqing Sun1, Deliang Lv2, Lin Cheng1, Shaxi Li1, Liumei Xu1, Hui Wang1,()   

  1. 1. Division of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen the Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen 518112, China
    2. Shenzhen Center for Chronic Diseases Control, Shenzhen 518020, China
  • Received:2017-12-29 Published:2018-08-15
  • Corresponding author: Hui Wang
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Wang Hui, Email:
引用本文:

周泱, 孙丽琴, 吕德良, 程林, 李莎茜, 徐六妹, 王辉. 血清乳酸脱氢酶检测在获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者合并机会感染中的临床价值[J]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2018, 12(04): 341-347.

Yang Zhou, Liqing Sun, Deliang Lv, Lin Cheng, Shaxi Li, Liumei Xu, Hui Wang. Clinical value of lactate dehydrogenase detection in early diagnosis of opportunistic infections in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome[J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2018, 12(04): 341-347.

目的

探讨血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)在获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)患者合并机会感染疾病中的临床应用价值。

方法

选取2010年1月至2015年12月深圳市第三人民医院所收治的708例初诊住院AIDS患者,收集AIDS患者入院时临床特征和血清LDH水平,分析AIDS患者各种机会感染疾病的血清LDH水平。根据LDH水平(LDH>250 U/L和≤250 U/L)将入组患者分成两组,即LDH升高组245例和LDH正常组463例。

结果

708例初诊住院AIDS患者中,女性132例、男性576例,合并机会感染者182例(Waldχ2 = 29.675、P < 0.001),合并肺部感染者162例(Waldχ2= 69.328、P < 0.001)。Logistic回归单因素分析结果显示,低CD4+T细胞计数水平(Waldχ2 = 60.646、P < 0.001)、高HIV RNA载量(Waldχ2 = 25.305、P < 0.001)、合并真菌感染(Waldχ2= 67.264、P < 0.001)、卡氏肺孢子(PCP)感染(Waldχ2 = 101.892、P < 0.001)更易导致AIDS患者LDH升高,差异均有统计学意义;而合并分枝杆菌感染(Waldχ2 = 0.137、P=0.711)的患者不易出现血清乳酸脱氢酶升高,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。Logistic回归多因素分析结果显示,HIV RNA载量> 107拷贝/μl(Waldχ2 = 5.175、P = 0.023)、肺部感染(Waldχ2 = 5.096、P = 0.024)、血流感染(Waldχ2= 9.443、P = 0.002)、PCP(Waldχ2= 57.216、P < 0.001)和真菌感染(Waldχ2= 6.064、P = 0.014)均影响LDH水平,差异均有统计学意义。

结论

AIDS合并机会感染者LDH升高提示肺部感染和血流感染,感染病原体倾向于PCP和真菌感染,具有一定早期临床诊断价值。

Objcetive

To investigate the clinical value of lactate dehydrogenase in diagnosis of opportunistic infections in patients with HIV infection.

Methods

Total of 708 patients with HIV infection admitted for the first time during January 2010 to December 2015 in Shenzhen the Third People’s Hospital were analyzed, retrospectively. The clinical characteristics and levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were collected after admission. According to the reference value of serum LDH (LDH > 250 U/L and≤250 U/L), the patients were divided into two groups: elevated LDH group (245 cases) and normal LDH group (463 cases).

Results

Among the 708 patients with AIDS who were admitted to hospital for the first time, there were 132 female cases and 576 male cases. In LDH elevated group, there were 182 cases with opportunistic infection (Waldχ2= 29.675,P< 0.001), and 162 cases with pulmonary infection (Waldχ2= 69.328,P< 0.001). The results of Logitic regression single factor analysis showed that lower CD4+ T counts (Waldχ2= 60.646,P< 0.001), higher HIV loads (Waldχ2= 25.305,P< 0.001), fungal infections (Waldχ2= 67.264,P< 0.001) and pneumocystis pneumonia (Waldχ2 = 101.892,P< 0.001) were more likely to lead to elevated LDH in patients with AIDS, with significant differences. In patients withMycobacteriuminfection, the level of serum lactate dehydrogenase was not easy to increase, without significant difference (Waldχ2= 0.137,P= 0.711). The results of Logitic regression multi-factor analysis showed that HIV RNA viral load>107copies/ml (Waldχ2 = 5.175,P= 0.023), pulmonary infection (Waldχ2 = 5.096,P= 0.024), blood stream infections (Waldχ2= 9.443,P= 0.002), pneumocystis pneumonia (Waldχ2= 57.216,P < 0.001), fungal infections (Waldχ2= 6.064,P= 0.014) were associated with LDH elevation, with significant differences.

Conclusions

The increase of LDH in patients with AIDS indicated that the infection site tends to be pulmonary infection and blood flow infection, and the infection pathogen tends to PCP and fungal infection, which had certain early clinical diagnostic value.

表1 HIV感染者基本资料及临床特征与LDH水平的单因素分析[例(%)]
影响因素 LDH正常(463例) LDH升高(245例) OR(95%CI Wald P
民族 ? ? ? 0.211 0.646
? 汉族 459(65.5) 242(34.5) 1 ? ?
? 其他 4(57.1) 3(42.9) 1.423(0.316~6.407) ? ?
性别 ? ? ? 0.222 0.638
? 379(65.8) 197(34.2) 1 ? ?
? 84(63.6) 48(36.4) 1.099(0.741~1.631) ? ?
年龄(岁) ? ? ? 3.064 0.216
? ~44 380(66.2) 194(33.8) 1 ? ?
? 45~59 61(58.7) 43(41.3) 1.381(0.901~2.116) ? ?
? ≥60 22(73.3) 8(26.7) 4.042(0.311~1.629) ? ?
影响因素 LDH正常(463例) LDH升高(245例) OR(95%CI Wald P
婚姻状况 ? ? ? 6.917 0.031
? 未婚 211(70.8) 87(29.2) 1 ? ?
? 已婚 226(61.9) 139(38.1) 1.492(1.076~2.069) ? ?
? 离异 26(57.8) 19(42.2) 1.772(0.933~3.368) ? ?
传播途径 ? ? ? 9.940 0.041
? 输血 11(73.3) 4(26.7) 1 ? ?
? 异性性传播 178(60.8) 115(39.2) 1.777(0.552~5.714) ? ?
? 同性性传播 251(70.3) 106(29.7) 1.161(0.362~3.729) ? ?
? 吸毒 18(51.4) 17(48.6) 2.597(0.692~9.747) ? ?
? 不确定或拒绝透露 5(62.5) 3(37.5) 1.650(0.264~10.313) ? ?
发病时间 ? ? ? 9.116 0.003
? ≤6个月 404(63.5) 232(36.5) 1 ? ?
? >6个月 59(81.9) 13(18.1) 0.384(0.206~0.715) ? ?
发病前HIV治疗 ? ? ? 1.185 0.276
? 137(68.5) 63(31.5) 0.824(0.581~1.168) ? ?
? 326(64.2) 182(35.8) 1 ? ?
CD4+ T细胞计数(× 109/ml) ? ? ? 60.646 <0.001
? ~50 114(46.9) 129(53.1) 1 ? ?
? ~100 49(65.3) 26(34.7) 0.469(0.274~0.803) ? ?
? ~200 88(69.8) 38(30.2) 0.382(0.242~0.602) ? ?
? ~350 130(78.3) 36(21.7) 0.245(0.157~0.383) ? ?
? >350 82(83.7) 16(16.3) 0.172(0.095~0.312) ? ?
HIV RNA(拷贝/ml) ? ? ? 25.305 <0.001
? ~500 128(69.9) 55(30.1) 1 ? ?
? 500~9.99 × 104 119(77.8) 34(22.2) 0.665(0.405~1.091) ? ?
? 105~9.99 × 106 212(59.4) 145(40.6) 1.592(1.088~2.328) ? ?
? >107 4(26.7) 11(73.3) 6.400(1.952~20.979) ? ?
机会感染 ? ? ? 29.675 <0.001
? 245(57.4) 182(42.6) 2.571(1.830~3.610) ? ?
? 218(77.6) 63(22.4) 1 ? ?
非HIV感染相关疾病 ? ? ? 7.803 0.005
? 28(93.3) 2(6.7) 0.128(0.030~0.541) ? ?
? 435(64.2) 243(35.8) 1 ? ?
表2 HIV感染者感染部位及病原体的单因素分析[例(%)]
影响因素 LDH正常组(463例) LDH升高组(245例) OR值(95%CI Wald P
肺部感染 ? ? ? 69.328 <0.001
? 151(48.2) 162(51.8) 4.033(2.904~5.600) ? ?
? 312(79.0) 83(21.0) 1 ? ?
腹部感染 ? ? ? 0.037 0.848
? 47(64.4) 26(35.6) 1.051(0.633~1.743) ? ?
? 416(65.5) 219(34.5) 1 ? ?
影响因素 LDH正常组(463例) LDH升高组(245例) OR值(95%CI Wald P
血流感染 ? ? ? 12.595 <0.001
? 18(40.0) 27(60.0) 3.062(1.650~5.681) ? ?
? 445(67.1) 218(32.9) 1 ? ?
中枢神经感染 ? ? ? 1.043 0.307
? 17(56.7) 13(43.3) 1.470(0.702~3.079) ? ?
? 446(65.8) 232(34.2) 1 ? ?
真菌感染 ? ? ? 67.264 <0.001
? 128(46.5) 147(53.5) 3.926(2.831~5.443) ? ?
? 335(77.4) 98(22.6) 1 ? ?
细菌感染 ? ? ? 58.569 <0.001
? 118(46.6) 135(53.4) 3.588(2.587~4.977) ? ?
? 345(75.8) 110(24.2) 1 ? ?
PCP感染 ? ? ? 101.892 <0.001
? 25(20.3) 98(79.7) 11.680(7.247~18.824) ? ?
? 438(74.9) 147(25.1) 1 ? ?
结核分枝杆菌感染 ? ? ? 0.137 0.711
? 67(63.8) 38(36.2) 1.085(0.704~1.671) ? ?
? 396(65.7) 207(34.3) 1 ? ?
非结核分枝杆菌感染 ? ? ? 0.007 0.936
? 6(66.7) 3(33.3) 0.944(0.234~3.808) ? ?
? 457(65.4) 242(34.6) 1 ? ?
巨细胞病毒感染 ? ? ? 17.570 <0.001
? 60(48.8) 63(51.2) 2.325(1.567~3.450) ? ?
? 403(68.9) 182(31.1) 1 ? ?
其他病原体感染 ? ? ? 7.801 0.005
? 32(88.9) 4(11.1) 0.224(0.078~0.640) ? ?
? 431(64.1) 241(35.9) 1 ? ?
表3 影响LDH水平的多因素Logistic回归分析
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