切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版) ›› 2023, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (04) : 282 -286. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2023.04.010

病例报告

两例获得性免疫缺陷综合征合并新型冠状病毒感染者抗病毒治疗并文献复习
吴令杰(), 陈瑞烈, 陈桂佳, 肖湘明, 林钟滨   
  1. 515041 汕头市,汕头市中心医院感染科
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-06 出版日期:2023-08-15
  • 通信作者: 吴令杰
  • 基金资助:
    广东省医学科研基金(No. B2019247); 汕头市医疗卫生科技计划(No.汕府科[2021]114号28)

Antiviral treatment of two cases with human immunodeficiency virus complicated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 co-infection and literatures review

Lingjie Wu(), Ruilie Chen, Guijia Chen, Xiangming Xiao, Zhongbin Lin   

  1. Department of Infectious Diseases, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou 515041, China
  • Received:2023-05-06 Published:2023-08-15
  • Corresponding author: Lingjie Wu
引用本文:

吴令杰, 陈瑞烈, 陈桂佳, 肖湘明, 林钟滨. 两例获得性免疫缺陷综合征合并新型冠状病毒感染者抗病毒治疗并文献复习[J/OL]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(04): 282-286.

Lingjie Wu, Ruilie Chen, Guijia Chen, Xiangming Xiao, Zhongbin Lin. Antiviral treatment of two cases with human immunodeficiency virus complicated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 co-infection and literatures review[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2023, 17(04): 282-286.

目的

提高获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)合并新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)感染抗病毒治疗的认识。

方法

分析2023年2月汕头市中心医院收治的2例AIDS患者合并SARS-CoV-2感染的诊治过程并结合相关文献复习。

结果

2例AIDS患者均因呼吸道感染症状来院就诊,均合并口腔念珠菌感染,胸部CT影像学提示双肺多发磨玻璃样改变,入院后查SARS-CoV-2核酸阳性,使用奈玛特韦利托那韦抗病毒、抗感染等对症支持治疗后,SARS-CoV-2核酸转阴时间分别为抗病毒治疗后第4天、第3天,呼吸道症状改善,均好转出院;出院1个月后随访,2例患者均无发热,仍有咳嗽,但较前改善,伴疲乏症状。

结论

AIDS合并SARS-CoV-2感染者仍以下呼吸道感染为主要临床表现;CD4+ T淋巴细胞水平可能不影响患者转归;积极抗SARS-CoV-2治疗可改善患者预后。

Objetctive

To improve the understanding of antiviral treatment for human immunodefeciency virus (HIV) complicated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) co-infection.

Method

The diagnosis and treatment process of 2 patients with HIV/SARS-CoV-2 co-infection admitted to Shantou Central Hospital on February 2023 were analyzed and relevant literature were reviewed.

Results

Two HIV infected patients presented with respiratory symptoms were admitted to our hospital. Both patients had oral candidiasis and chest CT imaging showed multiple ground-glass opacities in lungs. After admission, they were detected positive for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid. They received antiviral and anti-infection treatments such as Nirmatrelvir Tablets/Ritonavir Tablets. SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid turned negative in two patients on the 4th days and 3rd day after using Nirmatrelvir Tablets/Ritonavir Tablets. Their respiratory symptoms improved and they were discharged. One month after discharge, the patients did not have a fever but still had coughing, although both improved compared to before. They also experienced fatigue symptoms during the follow-up visits.

Conclusions

HIV/SARS-CoV-2 co-infected patients still mainly presents lower respiratory tract infections as the primary clinical manifestation. CD4+ T lymphocyte levels may not affect the outcomes of HIV/SARS-CoV-2 co-infection. However, antiviral treatments for SARS-CoV-2 can improve the prognosis of HIV/SARS-CoV-2 co-infection, which should be paid more attention.

表1 两例AIDS合并SARS-CoV-2感染者临床资料
图1 病例1胸部CT注:A:急诊入院时胸部X片(黑色箭头示肺纹理增粗);B:出院前胸部X片(黑色箭头示肺纹理增粗较前改善);C:急诊入院时胸部CT(白色箭头示双肺磨玻璃样);D:住院治疗2周后胸部CT(白色箭头示双肺磨玻璃样吸收减少)
图2 病例2住院前急诊胸部CT注:黑色箭头所示患者双肺弥漫性炎症渗出性改变
[1]
中华医学会感染病学分会艾滋病丙型肝炎学组,中国疾病预防控制中心. 中国艾滋病诊疗指南(2021年版)[J]. 中华内科杂志,2021,60(12):1106-1128.
[2]
Danwang C, Noubiap JJ, Robert A, et al. Outcomes of patients with HIV and COVID-19 co-infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. AIDS Res Ther,19(1):3.
[3]
Gao Y, Chen Y, Liu M, et al. Impacts of immunosuppression and immunodeficiency on COVID-19: a systematic review and Meta-analysis[J]. J Infect,2020,81(2):e93-e95.
[4]
丛杨,曹玮,李太生. 人类免疫缺陷病毒/2019新型冠状病毒共感染不良预后影响因素的系统综述及荟萃分析[J]. 中华传染病杂志,2021,39(4):193-198.
[5]
胡权铖,黄波. 新型冠状病毒肺炎合并HIV感染一例并文献复习[J]. 海南医学,2021,32(7):946-948.
[6]
Huang D, Zunong J, Li M, et al. COVID-19 clinical presentation among HIV-infected persons in China: A systematic review[J]. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep,2022,19(3):167-176.
[7]
Noga S, Matthew S, Lasota ED, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcomes in people living with human immunodeficiency virus hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019[J]. Clin Infect Dis,2020,71(16):2294-2297.
[8]
Friedman E, Devlin S, Mcnulty MC, et al. SARS-CoV-2 percent positivity and risk factors among people with HIV at an urban academic medical center[J]. PLoS One,2021,16(7):e0254994.
[9]
Hanson HA, Kim E, Badowski ME. A systematic review: impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on morbidity, nortality, and viral suppression in patients living with HIV[J]. SN Compr Clin Med,2023,5(1):144
[10]
Maggiolo F, Comi L, Arosio M, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection clinical picture and outcomes in adults living with HIV: a cohort analysis.[J]. New Microbiol,2023,46(1):18-23.
[11]
中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会. 新型冠状病毒感染诊疗方案(试行第十版)[J]. 中华临床感染病杂志,2023,16(1):1-9.
[12]
Lamb YN. Nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir: first approval[J]. Drugs,2022,82(5):585-591.
[13]
徐俊贤,张昌,邓小玲, 等. 新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株及其亚系的流行病学及病原学特征[J]. 国际流行病学传染病学杂志,2022,49(6):426-431.
[14]
赵子辉,沈银忠. 2019新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株的研究进展[J]. 中华传染病杂志,2022,40(12):750-755.
[15]
黄云,李依红,谢仕兰, 等. 新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株研究进展[J]. 中华流行病学杂志,2022,43(5):655-662.
[16]
吕莹,袁伟,施冬玲, 等. 2019新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染者的临床特征分析[J]. 中华传染病杂志,2022,40(5):257-263.
[17]
Zhao H, Al E. SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant shows less efficient replication and fusion activity when compared with Delta variant in TMPRSS2-expressed cells[J]. Emerge Microbes Infect,2022,11(1):277-283.
[18]
Del Amo J, Polo R, Moreno S, et al. Incidence and severity of COVID-19 in HIV-positive persons Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cohort Study[J]. Ann Intern Med,2020,173(7):536-541.
[19]
Del Amo J, Polo R, Moreno S, et al. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 in people with HIV infection[J]. AIDS,2022,36(15):2171-2179.
[20]
Li G, Park LS, Lodi S, et al. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and coronavirus disease 2019 outcomes in men with HIV[J]. AIDS,2022,36(12):1689-1696.
[21]
Suwanwongse K, Shabarek N. Clinical features and outcome of HIV/SARS-CoV-2 coinfected patients in The Bronx, New York City[J]. J Med Virol,2020,92(11):2387-2389.
[22]
Owen DR, Allerton CMN, Anderson AS, et al. An oral SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitor clinical candidate for the treatment of COVID-19[J]. Science,2021,374(6575):1586-1593.
[23]
Zhang L, Lin D, Sun X, et al. Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 main protease provides a basis for design of improved alpha-ketoamide inhibitors[J]. Science,2020,368(6489):409-412.
[24]
Milligan JC, Zeisner TU, Papageorgiou G, et al. Identifying SARS-CoV-2 antiviral compounds by screening for small molecule inhibitors of Nsp5 main protease[J]. Biochem J,2021,478(13):2499-2415.
[25]
Goyal B, Goyal D. Targeting the dimerization of the main protease of Coronaviruses: A potential broad-spectrum therapeutic strategy[J]. ACS Comb Sci,2020,22(6):297-305
[26]
Sun F, Lin Y, Wang X, et al. Paxlovid in patients who are immunocompromised and hospitalised with SARS-CoV-2 infection[J]. Lancet Infect Dis,2022,22(9):1279.
[27]
Zhong W, Jiang X, Yang X, et al. The efficacy of paxlovid in elderly patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variants: Results of a non-randomized clinical trial[J]. Front Med (Lausanne),2022,9:980002.
[28]
Dryden-Peterson S, Kim A, Kim AY, et al. Nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir for early COVID-19 in a large U.S. health system: A population-based cohort study[J]. Ann Intern Med,2023,176(1):77-84.
[29]
Hammond J, Leister-Tebbe H, Gardner A, et al. Oral nirmatrelvir for high-risk, nonhospitalized adults with COVID-19[J]. NEJM,2022,386(15):1397-1408.
[30]
Marzolini C, Kuritzkes DR, Marra F, et al. Recommendations for the management of drug-drug interactions between the COVID-19 antiviral nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) and comedications[J]. Clin Pharmacol Ther,2022,112(6):1191-1200.
[31]
Marzolini C, Kuritzkes DR, Marra F, et al. Prescribing nirmatrelvir-ritonavir: How to recognize and manage drug-drug interactions[J]. Ann Intern Med,2022,175(5):744-746.
[32]
Loos NHC, Beijnen JH, Schinkel AH. The mechanism-based inactivation of CYP3A4 by ritonavir: What mechanism?[J]. Int J Mol Sci,2022,23(17):9866
[33]
彭金娥,刘慧,李潇, 等. 奈玛特韦/利托那韦治疗新型冠状病毒感染的安全性分析[J]. 药物不良反应杂志,2023,25(1):11-16.
[1] 钱雅君, 虞竹溪, 徐颖, 董丹江, 顾勤. 危重型新型冠状病毒感染合并侵袭性肺曲霉病的临床特征和高危因素分析[J/OL]. 中华危重症医学杂志(电子版), 2024, 17(01): 3-9.
[2] 丁科, 张亚琼, 刘杰, 邓莉平, 张永喜, 熊勇. 获得性免疫缺陷综合征相关淋巴瘤患者的临床特征及生存状况的变化趋势[J/OL]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(05): 278-284.
[3] 吴令杰, 陈瑞烈, 肖湘明, 郭耿龙, 林钟滨, 张海生, 周敏, 陈妙华. 2005至2021年广东省汕头市某综合医院人类免疫缺陷病毒感染/获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者流行病学特征及高效抗逆转录病毒治疗后生存状况影响因素[J/OL]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(04): 207-214.
[4] 徐保平, 彭怀文, 喻怀斌, 王晓涛. 新型冠状病毒肺炎继发糖尿病酮症酸中毒合并肝门静脉积气一例[J/OL]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(04): 250-255.
[5] 刘杰, 宋世会, 邹诗, 骆名其, 梁科. 获得性免疫缺陷综合征合并内脏利什曼病并发噬血细胞综合征一例[J/OL]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(02): 117-121.
[6] 刘路浩, 张鹏, 陈荣鑫, 郭予和, 尹威, 徐璐, 李光辉, 方佳丽, 马俊杰, 陈正. 奈玛特韦/利托那韦治疗肾移植术后重型新型冠状病毒肺炎的临床效果分析[J/OL]. 中华移植杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(06): 349-353.
[7] 周恩竹, 刘敏, 万秋, 刘静文, 唐莉歆. 慢性阻塞性肺疾病与获得性免疫缺陷综合征共病的临床特征分析[J/OL]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2024, 17(01): 78-82.
[8] 张今宜, 李月红. 慢性肾脏病患者接种新型冠状病毒疫苗有效力及接种策略的研究进展[J/OL]. 中华肾病研究电子杂志, 2024, 13(02): 97-100.
[9] 田学, 谢晖, 王瑞兰. 急性呼吸窘迫综合征相关肺纤维化的研究进展[J/OL]. 中华重症医学电子杂志, 2024, 10(03): 258-264.
[10] 王晶晶, 谢晖, 邓璞钰, 张晨晨, 田学, 谢云, 王瑞兰. 新型冠状病毒感染ARDS患者EIT监测下俯卧位通气成像的改变[J/OL]. 中华重症医学电子杂志, 2024, 10(01): 31-37.
[11] 刘付蓉, 翁利, 杜斌. 2020年至2022年中国重症医学临床研究进展[J/OL]. 中华重症医学电子杂志, 2024, 10(01): 48-53.
[12] 李浩南, 张煜彭, 付焱, 冯继伟, 刘凯, 张文凯. 缝隙连接蛋白43在肺部疾病中的研究进展[J/OL]. 中华重症医学电子杂志, 2024, 10(01): 60-65.
[13] 倪世豪, 董晓明, 刘浩辉, 何星灵, 刘东华, 李姿儒, 李思静, 姜艳辉, 黄婕, 张小娇, 鲁路, 杨忠奇. 治疗新型冠状病毒感染中成药的临床证据分析[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2023, 17(12): 1253-1269.
[14] 葛静萍, 尹媛媛, 李燕. 梯度压力袜联合间歇充气加压在老年新型冠状病毒肺炎患者预防下肢深静脉血栓形成中的应用[J/OL]. 中华介入放射学电子杂志, 2024, 12(01): 70-74.
[15] 张宇, 王林. 急诊内科老年新型冠状病毒感染患者低钠血症发生情况调查分析[J/OL]. 中华老年病研究电子杂志, 2024, 11(02): 10-14.
阅读次数
全文


摘要


AI


AI小编
你好!我是《中华医学电子期刊资源库》AI小编,有什么可以帮您的吗?