了解院内不同科室分离的肺炎克雷伯菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药性及分布，为临床经验用药提供理论依据。

采用WHONET 5.6对2014年1月至2014年12月本院儿内科病房、ICU重症监护病房和神经外科病房分离的肺炎克雷伯菌对临床常用的19种抗菌药物的耐药性及分布进行分析。

儿内科病房、ICU重症监护病房和神经外科病房分别分离的147株、72株和73株肺炎克雷伯菌，对左氧氟沙星、阿莫西林/棒酸、头孢西丁、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、阿米卡星、亚胺培南、美洛培南和厄他培南的耐药率均<30%，对头孢唑啉、头孢呋辛、头孢噻肟、头孢吡肟、头孢他啶、氨曲南和复方新诺明的耐药率为35.6%～71.2%，对庆大霉素和妥布霉素的耐药率为12.2%～50.0%，对环丙沙星的耐药率为6.1%～36.1%。ICU重症监护病房、儿内科病房和神经外科病房分离肺炎克雷伯菌分别有72.2%（52/72）、89.8%（132/147）和95.9%（70/73）的标本来源于痰液。

院内不同病房分离的肺炎克雷伯菌主要引起呼吸道感染，对临床常用的头孢菌素类抗菌药物的耐药率均相对较高，对喹诺酮类抗菌药物的耐药率差异很大，临床医师应根据药敏试验结果选用抗菌药物。

To investigate drug resistance and clinical distribution of Klebsiella pneumoniae collected from different wards in our hospital, thus to guide rational clinical application of antibacterial.

Klebsiella pneumonia were separated from pediatric ward, intensive care unit and neurosurgical unit from January 2014 to December 2014 in our hospital, the drug resistance to 19 antibacterial and clinical distribution were analyzed, retrospectively by WHONET 5.6.

The drug resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae collected from these three wards were 147 stains, 72 strains and 73 strains , the rates of drug resistance to levofloxacin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cefoxitin, piperacillin/tazobactam, amikacin, imipenem, meropenem and ertapenem were all less than 30%; the drug resistance rates to cefazolin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, cefepime, ceftazidime, aztreonam and cotrimoxazole varied were 35.6%-71.2%; the drug resistance rates to gentamicin and tobramycin varied were 12.2%-50.0%; the drug resistance rates to ciprofloxacin varied from 6.1%-36.1%. There were 52 strains (72.2%), 132 strains (89.9%) and 70 strains (95.9%) collected from sputum in ICU, pediatric ward and neurosurgical unit, respectively.

Klebsiella pneumoniae collected from different wards in our hospital mainly caused respiratory tract infection. The drug resistance rates of these strains to cephalosporins were relatively high, which varied widely to fluoroquinolone antibiotics, so the antibiotics treatment should be selected according to drug test.