Patients with liver cirrhosis are highly susceptible to various infectious complications due to impaired liver function, immune dysregulation and disruption of the intestinal barrier. Secondary infections not only precipitate the acute decompensation of liver function, but may also lead to severe outcomes such as acute-on-chronic liver failure, hepatorenal syndrome and sepsis, representing a major determinant of poor prognosis. In recent years, the increasing prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens and advances in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies have posed new challenges in the management of infections in patients with liver cirrhosis. Based on the latest guidelines from China and abroad, expert consensus statements, evidence-based medicine, and the clinical characteristics of patients with liver cirrhosis in China, this consensus provides recommendations on the diagnosis, antimicrobial therapy, adjunctive treatment, management of special clinical situations, preventive measures, monitoring and follow-up of secondary infections in liver cirrhosis. It aims to provide a reference for standardized clinical management, thereby further improve the infection prevention, control and enhance the patients’ clinical outcomes and long-term prognosis.