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Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (03): 175-181. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2025.03.006

• Research Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Risk factors for poor maternal and infant prognosis in pregnant women with bloodstream infection

Ting Li, Ping Cui(), Haiyan He   

  1. Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Tongji University·Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai 201204, China
  • Received:2024-11-29 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-07-24
  • Contact: Ping Cui

Abstract:

Objective

To identify the risk factors that lead to maternal and infant adverse outcomes of bloodstream infection.

Methods

Total of 314 pregnant women with bloodstream infection were selected from the Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Tongji University·Shanghai First Maternity·Infant Hospital From January 1st 2021 to January 31st 2024 as the study subjects (bloodstream infection group), during the same period, 300 pregnant women who had no bloodstream infection of the whole pregnancy period and had undergone prenatal examination were selected as control group, the clinical data of two groups of pregnant women were collected for retrospective analysis. According to the pregnancy outcome, 314 pregnant women with bloodstream infection were divided into normal outcome group (240 cases) and adverse outcome group (74 cases). The general information, clinical symptoms and indicators of bloodstream infection and pathogen isolation of patients in normal outcome group and adverse outcome group were analyzed by univariate analysis. The indicators with statistically significant differences were further analyzed by Logistic multivariate binary regression analysis to explore the risk factors affecting maternal adverse outcomes of bloodstream infection.

Results

The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes of cases in bloodstream infection group was 23.57% (74/314), significantly higher than that of the control group (8.00%, 24/300), with significant difference (χ2= 27.717, P < 0.001). Between pregnant women in normal outcome group and adverse outcome group, age [(36.56 ± 4.56) years old vs. (29.45 ± 5.02) years old: t = 10.877, P < 0.001], pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) [(25.09 ± 2.21) vs. (22.64 ± 1.31): t = 12.245, P < 0.001], the highest body temperature distribution (χ2 = 30.250, P < 0.001), occurrence of septic shock (χ2 = 40.968,P < 0.001), level distribution of WBC (χ2 = 65.677,P < 0.001), CRP (χ2 = 13.977,P < 0.001) and PCT (χ2= 17.452, P < 0.001), and the number of original bacterial species (χ2 = 29.216,P < 0.001) were all with significant differences. There was no significant difference in educational background, residence, working conditions, pregnancy and childbirth history, number of fetuses in this pregnancy, time of infection, source of infection, course of infection and pathogen type between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the occurrence of septic shock (OR = 3.695, 95%CI: 1.627-5.462,P = 0.037), the number of infectious bacteria (OR = 18.746, 95%CI: 10.630-27.651, P = 0.049) and PCT level (OR = 33.683, 95%CI: 21.533-40.029,P = 0.011) were all risk factors for adverse maternal and infant outcomes in pregnant women with bloodstream infection.

Conclusions

Infectious shock, abnormal increase of PCT level and mixed pathogen infection are important indicators to evaluate maternal adverse outcomes of bloodstream infection.

Key words: Bloodstream infection, Pregnant women, Poor outcomes, Antibiotics, Pathogens

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