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Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (03): 165-174. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2025.03.005

Special Issue:

• Research Article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Helicobacter pylori subtypes infection on pathological types and inflammatory characteristics of colorectal polyps

Di Lu(), Yang Gao   

  1. Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Shijingshan Hospital, Beijing 100040, China
  • Received:2024-12-24 Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-07-24
  • Contact: Di Lu

Abstract:

Objective

To analyze Helicobacter pylori (Hp) subtypes infection in patients with different pathological types of colorectal polyps, and investigate the relationship with inflammatory characteristics.

Methods

Total of 480 patients with Hp positive colorectal polyps admitted to Beijing Shijingshan Hospital from January 1st 2020 to December 31st 2023 were collected as research subjects. According to the pathological types, the patients were divided into proliferative polyp group, inflammatory polyp group, adenomatous polyp group and colorectal cancer group, with 120 cases in each group. The general information and gastrointestinal imaging features of patients were analyzed, retrospectively, Hp subtype distribution and levels of inflammatory factors such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in each group of patients were compared, respectively. The differences among the expression of inflammatory factors among different pathological types of colorectal polyps and subtypes were analyzed. The risk factors for colorectal cancer in patients with colorectal polyps, and the risk association between Hp subtypes and inflammatory factors were identified by multiple Logistic regression analysis. The interaction between Hp subtypes and inflammatory markers of colorectal cancer were analyzed by generalized multi factor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) method. The alcohol consumption history (χ2 = 32.433, P < 0.001), hyperlipidemia history (χ2 = 19.940, P < 0.001) and lesion size (χ2 = 89.048, P < 0.001) among patients in proliferative polyp group, inflammatory polyp group, adenomatous polyp group and colorectal cancer group were significantly different. The distribution of Hp subtypes (type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ) among patients of the four groups (χ2 = 51.193, P < 0.001), the levels of CRP (F = 2.871, P = 0.036), IL-1 (F = 109.747, P < 0.001), IL-6 (F = 51.959, P < 0.001), TNF-α (F = 26.770, P < 0.001) and NLR (F = 7.393, P < 0.001) were all significantly different among patients of hyperplastic polyp group, inflammatory polyp group, adenomatous polyp group and colorectal cancer group, while PLR level was without significant difference (F = 1.617, P = 0.185). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that history of alcohol consumption (OR = 1.937, 95%CI: 1.420-2.763, P < 0.001), history of hyperlipidemia (OR = 2.856, 95%CI: 2.351-3.759, P < 0.001), lesion size > 2 cm (OR = 3.017, 95%CI: 2.215-3.823,P < 0.001), CRP > 7.01 pmol/L (OR = 2.235, 95%CI: 1.840-2.760, P < 0.001), IL-1 > 22.13 mmol/L (OR = 1.857, 95%CI: 1.148-2.996, P < 0.001), IL-6 > 30.24 mmol/L (OR = 1.592, 95%CI: 1.308-2.093, P < 0.001), TNF-α > 31.79 g/L (OR = 1.985, 95%CI: 1.290-3.225, P < 0.001), NLR > 2.08 (OR = 2.803, 95%CI: 1.922-3.474, P < 0.001) and type Ⅰ Hp infection (OR = 2.961, 95%CI: 2.158-3.510, P < 0.001) were all risk factors for colorectal cancer in patients with colorectal polyps. The levels of CRP, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, NLR and PLR in type Ⅰ Hp infected individuals were significantly higher than those of type Ⅱ Hp infected individuals among the proliferative polyp group, inflammatory polyp group, adenomatous polyp group and colorectal cancer group, with significant differences (allP < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that CRP (R = 0.165, P = 0.042), IL-1 (R = 0.183, P < 0.001), IL-6 (R = 0.367, P < 0.001), TNF-α (R = 0.215,P = 0.006), NLR (R = 0.236,P = 0.038) were all risk factors for type Ⅰ Hp infection; PLR (R = 0.185, P = 0.010), IL-1 (R = 0.212, P = 0.006), IL-6 (R = 0.205, P = 0.023) and TNF-α (R = 0.189, P = 0.014) were all risk factors for type Ⅱ Hp infection. The six-order GMDR model based on CRP, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, NLR and type Ⅰ Hp infection was constructed to test the accuracy of the sample, the accuracy of which was 73.803%, the cross-validation consistency was 100%, the results of the significant test of the interaction effect of the model were significantly different (all P < 0.001).

Conclusions

The distribution of Hp subtypes varies among patients with different pathological types of colorectal polyps, and adenomatous polyps and colorectal cancer patients have a higher rate of type Ⅰ Hp infection. The levels of inflammatory factors differ among patients with colorectal polyps infected with different Hp subtypes, and the levels of inflammatory factors are generally higher in patients infected with type Ⅰ Hp than those of patients infected with type Ⅱ Hp.

Key words: Colorectal polyps, Pathological types, Helicobacter pylori, Subtypes, Inflammatory characteristics

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