To investigate the related factors of nosocomial infection in elderly patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and to provide evidence for effective measures to prevent nosocomial infection.

Total of 121 elderly patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in our hospital were selected from January 2013 to January 2015. The clinical information, history and behavioral data of the 121 cases were analyzed, retrospectively.

Total of 28 patients among 121 cases were with hospital infection. The infection sites were the urinary system (9 cases, 7.44%), respiratory tract (15 cases, 12.40%), skin (2 cases, 1.65%) and soft tissue (2 cases, 1.65%), respectivly. Patients with Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 60.71% (17/28), among whom, 8 cases (28.57%) with Acinetobacter infection, 5 cases (17.86%) with Klebsiella pneumoniae infection, 4 cases (14.28%) with copper-green pseudomonocytosis bacteria infection. Patients with Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 28.57% (8/28), 6 cases (75.00%) of whom were with Staphylococcus aureus infection and 3 cases (10.71%) were with fungi infection. The cases of bedridden, cerebrovascular accident, pseudobulbar palsy, tracheotomy patients with hospital infection and unable to take care of themselves were 6 cases (10.34%), 6 cases (17.65%), 3 cases (8.82%), 5 cases (20.00%) and 8 cases (13.79%), respectively. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis showed that bedridden, cerebrovascular accident, pseudobulbar palsy, tracheotomy, unable to take care of themselves as well as disturbance of consciousness were significantly related with the rates of hospital infection (all P < 0.05, all OR > 1).

The pathogen of nosocomial infection was mainly Gram-negative bacteria in elderly patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Bedridden, cerebrovascular accident, pseudo-ball paralysis, tracheotomy and unable to take care of themselves were the main risk factors causing hospital infection.