To investigate the survival period and influencing factors of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in Dongcheng District, Beijing.

A retrospective cohort study was conducted to collect 1 076 HIV/AIDS patients in Dongcheng District of Beijing from January 1st, 1989 to December 31st, 2020 in China Integrated AIDS Prevention and Control Information System. Cumulative survival rate was analyzed by life table method. Kaplan-meier method (K-M method) was used to plot the survival curve. COX proportional risk model was used to analyze the influencing factors of survival period.

Among all the subjects, 1 072 cases (99.63%) were followed up, and 4 cases (0.37%) were lost. There were 26 AIDS-related deaths (2.42%) during the follow-up. The cumulative survival rates at the first, the second and the fifth year were 98.03%, 97.92% and 97.47%, respectively. The median survival period of the subjects was 264.00 months. COX proportional risk model analysis showed that initial CD4⁺ T < 350 cells/μl (HR = 4.053, 95%CI: 1.412-11.628), AIDS patients with disease status at diagnosis (HR = 20.651, 95%CI: 4.741-89.940), no antiviral therapy (HR = 30.722, 95%CI: 12.389-76.18) were risk factors to reduce their survival period. Compared with HIV/AIDS patients with junior school education or below, higher education was a protective factor for prolonging survival (senior school/professional school degree: HR = 0.317, 95%CI: 0.122-0.826; College degree or above: HR = 0.155, 95%CI: 0.055-0.439). The survival curve by K-M method showed that the cumulative survival rate of HIV/AIDS patients with college degree or above, high school or secondary school education was higher than that of HIV/AIDS patients with junior school education (χ² = 26.978, P < 0.001). The cumulative survival rate of HIV/AIDS patients whose initial CD4⁺ T ≥ 350 cells/μl and whose disease status at diagnosis was HIV-infection and those who received antiviral therapy was higher than that of initial CD4⁺ T < 350 cells/μl, patients with AIDS status at diagnosis and HIV/AIDS patients without antiviral therapy (χ² = 14.329, 44.559, 126.836; all P < 0.001).

HIV/AIDS patients in Dongcheng District of Beijing who received antiviral therapy, whose initial CD4⁺ T ≥ 350 cells/μl, whose disease status at diagnosis was HIV infected, and who had college degree or higher education had a longer survival period. In the future, screening efforts should be improved to detect HIV infection as early as possible, and treatment should be carried out as soon as possible, so as to improve the life quality and survival period after diagnosis.