To investigate the spectrum and trend of liver diseases hospitalized in a general hospital within the past 15 years, and to provide the evidence for chronic liver diseases management.

The clinical data of patients admitted to Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2005 to December 2019 were analyzed, retrospectively. The patients’ age, gender and discharge diagnosis were collected, respectively. According to the ICD-10 code, the discharge diagnosis on the first page of the medical record were classified (viral hepatitis B15-B19, liver diseases K70-K77 and liver tumor C22.0-C22.9). The trend of the disease spectrum was analyzed.

Total of 61 607 cases were collected, the average age was (46.83 ± 15.29) years old, male patients accounted for 64.41% (39 679 cases), including 23 610 cases (38.32%) with viral hepatitis, 29 181 cases (47.37%) with liver diseases, and 8 816 cases (14.31%) with liver tumor. From 2005 to 2019, among the liver diseases caused by viral hepatitis, the constituent ratio of viral hepatitis A dropped from 0.68% to 0.48%, and the overall trend was slightly decreased (Z = 5.10, P < 0.001); the constituent ratio of viral hepatitis B dropped from 36.01% to 17.70%, showing a downward trend (Z = 31.40, P < 0.001); hepatitis C gradually increased from 3.24% in 2005 to 7.09% in 2011, and then showed a downward trend, and dropped to 1.36% in 2019, with the overall trend down (Z = 12.33, P < 0.001); hepatitis E dropped from 5.76% to 1.34%, showing a downward trend (Z = 22.62, P < 0.001). Among the liver diseases caused by non-viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease (ALD) increased from 2.95% to 6.84% in 15 years, showing an upward trend (Z =-11.27, P < 0.001); autoimmune liver disease (AILD) increased from 2.91% to 4.39%, showing an upward trend (Z =-6.74, P < 0.001); drug-induced liver injury (DILI) increased from 1.26% to 5.02%, showing an upward trend (Z =-10.61, P < 0.001); non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rose from 0.43% to 3.49%, showing an upward trend (Z =-15.46, P < 0.001); other liver diseases rose from 1.37% to 10.79%, showing an upward trend (Z =-10.61, P < 0.001) ). Among the 26 884 HBV-related cases, chronic viral hepatitis B (CHB) was still the main type of disease hospitalized in this hospital (55.84%), but the overall trend was decreasing (Z = 34.30, P < 0.001); acute viral hepatitis B accounted for 8.46%, showing a downward trend (Z = 27.87, P < 0.001); hepatitis B related cirrhosis accounted for 19.61%, showing an upward trend (Z =-33.68, P < 0.001); HCC accounted for 12.47% , showing an upward trend (Z = -17.89, P < 0.001); hepatitis B liver failure accounted for 3.62%, showing an upward trend (Z =-29.47, P < 0.001).

From January 2005 to December 2019, the proportion of viral hepatitis decreased, and the proportion of non-infectious liver diseases increased. However, CHB was still the main disease in hospital at present.