To explore the clinical curative effect of triple therapy, sequential therapy and reversed sequential therapy on children with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection.

Total of 96 children with Hp infection diagnosed through ¹³C urea breath test positive were enrolled in Pediatrics Department of First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College from March 2017 to March 2019. According to random number table method, they were divided into three groups, 10 d of sequential therapy (sequential therapy group, 35 cases), reverse sequential therapy (reverse sequential therapy group, 28 cases) and standard triple therapy (standard triple therapy group, 33 cases) were administered, respectively. The effective rate, clinical symptom score, eradication rate of Hp and adverse reaction of the three groups were recorded, respectively.

The effective rates of sequential therapy group, reverse sequential therapy group and standard triple therapy group were 91.42%, 89.29% and 65.00%, respectively, with significant difference (χ² = 6.784, P = 0.034). The effective rates of sequential therapy group and reverse sequential therapy group were significantly higher than that of standard triple therapy group (χ² = 6.370, P = 0.012; χ² = 4.383, P = 0.036); but there was no difference between sequential therapy group and reverse sequential therapy group (χ² = 0.083, P = 0.773). After treatment, scores of acid reflux and abdominal pain among the three groups were significantly different (F = 14.288, P < 0.001; P = 15.506, F = 14.288, P < 0.001), but scores of nausea and belching among the three groups were without significant differences (F = 0.053, P = 0.948; F = 0.496, P = 0.610). Hp eradication rates of sequential therapy group and reverse sequential therapy group after treatment were significantly higher than that of standard triple therapy group (χ² = 3.994, P = 0.045; χ² = 4.462, P = 0.035). After treatment, scores of acid reflux (t = 4.680, P < 0.001; t = 3.457, P = 0.010) and abdominal pain (t = 4.407, P < 0.001; t = 6.310, P < 0.001) of cases in sequential therapy group and reverse sequential therapy group were significantly lower than those of standard triple therapy group. There was no significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions among the three groups (χ² = 0.331, P = 0.848).

Compared with standard triple therapy, reversed sequential therapy and sequential therapy could effectively improve the clinical symptoms, Hp eradication rate and effective rate of treatment of children with Hp infection.