There are about 20 million people infected with hepatitis E virus (HEV) in the world every year. Although the mortality rate of hepatitis E is less than 1% in the general population, the mortality rate of pregnant women with hepatitis E can be as high as 30%. In addition, chronic hepatitis E caused by HEV infection in immunocompromised population (organ transplantation, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, HIV, etc.) brings new problems and challenges to clinical treatment. In the past, only developed countries with imported cases, frequent sporadic cases of local infections in recent years, HEV infection has become an important global public health problem. This paper reviews the data of the last two years and reported the new progress of HEV biology epidemiology, the extrahepatic manifestations, diagnosis and treatment. This article suggests that the direction of hepatitis E research is to search for new orthohepevirus genotypes in the genes of the hoofed animals closely related to human life. For targeted therapies, it is necessary to understand the origin and structure of the quasi enveloped hepatitis E virus (quasi-enveloped HEV, eHEV) and to participate in eHEV release and return to host cytokine and pathway.