To investigate the regulatory mechanism of interferon gamma and interleukin-4 in peripheral blood of patients with chronic urticaria complicated by Helicobacter pylori infection.

Total of 70 patients with typical clinical manifestations of chronic urticaria from July 2014 to May 2015 in our hospital were selected, randomly. While 50 healthy people were collected in the same period as control group. The levels of IFN-γand IL-4 were detected by ELISA after screening of patients with anti-Hp negative and anti-Hp positive.

The anti-Hp positive rate of patients with chronic urticaria were significantly different from that in the control group. The levels of IFN-γ between anti-Hp positive and anti-Hp negative in patients of the control group were with no significant differences. The levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in anti-Hp positive patients with chronic urticaria were (298.74 ± 35.46) pg/ml and (251.31 ± 29.98) pg/ml, respectively, significantly lower than those in anti-Hp negative patients, which were (322.45 ± 50.02) pg/ml and (214.45 ± 51.01) pg/ml (t = 1.734, P = 0.034; t = 3.569, P = 0.028). The levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in patients with chronic urticaria were (122.74 ± 81.36) pg/ml and (297.12 ± 79.14) pg/ml, significantly higher than those in the control group, whiche were (89.46 ± 34.56) pg/ml and (1512.12 ± 151.24) pg/ml, with significant differences (t = 2.374, P = 0.016; t = 1.072, P = 0.034).

IFN-γ and IL-4 could regulate the activity of chronic urticaria in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with Hp infection, and could cause the imbalance of Th cell subsets, which leading to the immune function of patients with abnormal severity.