To ensure the "zero infection" of the Ebola virus among the nurses of infectious diseases and to improve the ability of nurses to prevent occupational exposure through strengthening the specialized training to related nurses.

Total of 25 nursing staff in Sierra Leone Friendship Hospital were collected, a questionnaire survey was conducted to observe the awareness of occupational exposure such as sharp instruments injury, and then the occurrence of sharp injuries were investigated.

The questionnaire survey showed that there were 9 nurses had been exposed in common ward in Sierra, among whom 40% were without any treatment to sharp injury. No exposure happened in the wards of Ebola virus infection, but the rate of untreatment to sharp injury reached 100%. The awareness of defense was significantly improved after training, and no injuries happened.

Special training could improve the occupational exposure and protective consciousness, and reduce the sharp instrument injury incidence rate in Sierra Leone HWKs.