To investigate the influence factors of deep wound infection in patients with limb fractures, and the effective preventive measures.

Total of 90 cases with deep incision infection after limb fracture surgery were selected as infection group in our hospital from March 2013 to March 2015, while 180 cases without deep infection of incision were selected as control group in the same vertebral posterior. The pathogens of deep wound infection were analyzed and the clinical data of the two groups were compared, respectively. The influence factors were analyzed by single factor analysis and Logistic regression.

Total of 98 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 90 patients with deep incision infection, including Gram-positive bacteria (54.08%) and Gram-negative bacteria (45.92%), the main pathogenic bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with the ratio of 38.78% and 18.37%, respectively. Limbs fracture surgery in patients with deep incision infection was associated with the age, body mass index (BMI), obesity, diabetes, preoperative albumin, operation time, types of incision, steel use, surgical site, debridement time, incision length and using of antimicrobial agents, with significant differences (all P < 0.05). The gender, hypertension, coronary heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, smoking, preoperative hemoglobin, preoperative fasting glucose, anesthesia risk score (ASA score), intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative allogeneic blood transfusion and anesthesia mode were not associated with limbs fracture surgery in patients with deep incision infection, without significant differences (all P > 0.05).

Diabetes, obesity, steel plates, incision length, use of antimicrobial agents in patients with extremities fractures were independent risk factors for infection of deep incision. On the basis of preoperative treatment, rational use of antimicrobial agents was the key of prevention for patients with deep incision infection after limbs fracture surgery.