To investigate the imaging characteristics of the brain ultrasound examination for cases with neonatal central nervous system infection.

Total of 69 cases with neonatal infection of the central nervous system were selected, the portable sonosite M-turbo ultrasonic diagnostic instrument was applied through anteriorfontanelle craniocerebral ultrasound. Changes of the characteristics and the differences of the imaging features of purulent meningitis, viral meningitis and tuberculous meningitis were analyzed, respectively.

The positive rates of abnormal meningeal echo in purulent meningitis and tuberculous meningitis were 92.7% and 100%, which were higher than that of 20% in viral meningitis; ventricular dilatation positive rate was 100%, which was higher than that of 55% in viral meningitis; the positive rates were 63.4% and 75%, which was higher than that of 5% in viral meningitis, subdural effusion positive rates were 26.8% and 12.5%, which were lower than that of 95% in viral meningitis, all with significant differences (χ² = 39.031, 25.358, 21.058, 29.087; P all < 0.01).

Brain ultrasound examination was an effective diagnostic method of central nervous system infection, imaging changes in the imaging examination of purulent meningitis, tuberculous meningitis and viral meningitis were clear, the diagnosis was accurate, which was simple and non-invasive, and an effective means to assist the diagnosis and dynamic observation of neonatal central nervous system infection.