提高对斯氏放线棒菌的认知，并拓展临床对该菌所致感染的诊治思路。

回顾性分析2024年7月29日上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院嘉定院区收治的1例斯氏放线棒菌致复杂性尿路感染者的临床资料，并检索国内外相关文献，对该菌的特性及临床诊疗进行探讨。

患者，女性、66岁，因尿潴留反复排尿困难入院治疗，清洁中段尿培养检出斯氏放线棒菌；CT尿路造影提示双侧肾盂、双侧输尿管上段扩张积水，膀胱增大伴多发条索，多发憩室，慢性膀胱炎可能。行经尿道膀胱肿瘤切除术（TURBT）+经尿道膀胱颈切开术（TURBN），并予静脉滴注头孢呋辛1.5 g/次、2次/d，治疗3 d，患者好转出院。

斯氏放线棒菌形态不典型、培养要求高，实验室人员应注意避免漏检。对于该菌导致的尿路感染，推荐使用如头孢菌素等β-内酰胺类抗菌药物，手术患者则应警惕术后易位感染的发生。

To improve the understanding of Actinotignum schaalii and expand clinical diagnosis and treatment approaches for infections caused by this bacteria.

The clinical data of a patient with complicated urinary tract infection caused by Actinotignum schaalii and admitted to Jiading Campus of Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine in July 29th 2024 was analyzed, retrospectively. Relevant domestic and foreign literatures were searched to explore the characteristics, clinical diagnosis and treatment of this bacteria.

The patient, a female, 66 years old, was hospitalized for treatment due to urinary retention and repeated difficulty in urinating. Actinotignum schaalii was isolated from the clear mid-stream urine. CT urography showed bilateral renal pelvis and bilateral upper ureter dilation with hydrops, and bladder enlargement with multiple cords and diverticula, which may be caused by chronic cystitis. Transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) + transurethral resection of bladder neck (TURBN) were performed, and 1.5 g/time of Cefuroxime was intravenously infused twice a day. After three days’ anti-infection treatment, the patient improved and was discharged.

Actinotignum schaalii has atypical morphology and high culture requirements. Laboratory staff should pay attention to avoid missed detection. For urinary tract infections caused by this bacteria, β-lactam antibiotics such as Cephalosporins are recommended. Surgical patients should be alert to the occurrence of postoperative translocation infection.