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中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版) ›› 2020, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (03) : 258 -263. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2020.03.014

所属专题: 文献

论著

儿童甲型流感合并川崎病的临床特征
赵扬1, 王彩英1, 万钢2, 张新鑫3, 何树新1, 郝一炜2, 庞琳1,()   
  1. 1. 100015 北京,首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院儿科
    2. 100015 北京,首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院病案统计科
    3. 100015 北京,首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院党委办公室
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-28 出版日期:2020-06-15
  • 通信作者: 庞琳
  • 基金资助:
    专病专治重点基金项目(中医药循证能力建设项目)(No. 2019XZZX-LG002)

Clinical characteristics of children with influenza A and Kawasaki disease

Yang Zhao1, Caiying Wang1, Gang Wan2, Xinxin Zhang3, Shuxin He1, Yiwei Hao2, Lin Pang1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
    2. Department of Medical Records, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
    3. Department of Party Committee Office, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
  • Received:2020-02-28 Published:2020-06-15
  • Corresponding author: Lin Pang
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Pang Lin, Email:
引用本文:

赵扬, 王彩英, 万钢, 张新鑫, 何树新, 郝一炜, 庞琳. 儿童甲型流感合并川崎病的临床特征[J]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2020, 14(03): 258-263.

Yang Zhao, Caiying Wang, Gang Wan, Xinxin Zhang, Shuxin He, Yiwei Hao, Lin Pang. Clinical characteristics of children with influenza A and Kawasaki disease[J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2020, 14(03): 258-263.

目的

分析儿童甲型流感合并川崎病(KD)的临床特征,增强对甲型流感合并川崎病的早期识别。

方法

对首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院2018年1月1日至2019年12月31日收治的682例实验室确诊的甲型流感患儿资料进行回顾性分析,筛选甲型流感病毒感染合并川崎病儿童共14例(KD+甲流组)。选择同期就诊的符合纳入标准及排除标准的28例KD患儿为KD组,28例单纯甲型流感患儿为甲流组。比较KD+甲流组和KD组患儿临床表现、发热持续时间及冠状动脉病变发生率。比较KD+甲流组、KD组和甲流组患儿白细胞(WBC)、中性粒细胞百分比、淋巴细胞百分比、血小板、快速C-反应蛋白(CRP)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、降钙素原(PCT)、血清淀粉样蛋白酶A(SSA)、白蛋白、转氨酶和心肌酶水平。

结果

KD+甲流组患儿发热持续时间[(11.21 ± 3.36)d]较KD组[(6.29 ± 2.21)d]更长,差异有统计学意义(t = 5.81、P < 0.001)。KD+甲流组丙种球蛋白无反应型(IVIG)比例(42.9%)较KD组(14.3%)更高,差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 4.1、P = 0.41)。KD+甲流组患儿WBC[(13.18 ± 4.39)× 109/L]、ESR[(60.5 ± 15.82)mm/h]、CPR[55.5(17.56,61.0)g/L]、SSA[76.5(23.0,311.6)mg/L]和丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)[49.5(23.1,78.0)U/L]均较KD组和甲流组升高,差异均有统计学意义(F = 27.92、P < 0.001,F = 47.97、P < 0.001,Z = 3.15、P = 0.007,Z = 4.36、P < 0.001,Z = 2.68、P = 0.027)。KD+甲流组较KD组患儿冠状动脉扩张发生概率更高(57.0% vs. 25.0%),差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 4.2、P = 0.041)。KD+甲流组患儿IVIG无反应型发生率较单纯KD组高(42.9% vs. 14.3%),差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 4.1、P = 0.041)

结论

甲型流感合并KD患儿发热时间、明确诊断所需时间较长,其IVIG无反应型发生率更高,且血清SSA和ALT水平显著升高。

Objective

To analyze the clinical features of influenza A complicated with Kawasaki disease (KD) in children and enhance its early identification.

Methods

The medical records of 682 cases with laboratory-confirmed influenza A in Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2019 were analyzed, retrospectively. Among whom, 14 children with influenza A virus infection complicated with KD were collected as KD+influenza A group. While 28 cases with KD meeting the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria were selected as KD group, and 28 cases with influenza A alone as influenza A group, respectively. The clinical manifestations, duration of fever and incidence of coronary artery disease were compared between KD+influenza A group and KD group. The levels of white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil percentage, lymphocyte percentage, platelet, rapid C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), procalcitonin (PCT), serum amyloid protease A (SSA), albumin, aminotransferase and myocardial enzyme were compared among KD+influenza A group, KD group and influenza A group, respectively.

Results

The duration of fever in children of KD+influenza A group [(11.21 ± 3.36) d] was significantly longer than that of KD group [(6.29 ± 2.21) d], with significant difference (t = 5.81, P < 0.001). The levels of WBC [(13.18 ± 4.39) × 109/L], ESR [(60.5 ± 15.82) mm/h], CPR [55.5 (17.56, 61.0) g/L], SSA [76.5 (23.0, 311.6) mg/L] and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) [49.5 (23.1, 78.0) U/L] of cases in KD group were significantly higher than those of KD group and influenza A group, with significant differences (F = 27.92, P < 0.001; F = 47.97, P < 0.001; Z = 3.15, P = 0.007; Z = 4.36, P < 0.001; Z = 2.68, P = 0.027). The probability of coronary artery dilation of cases in KD+influenza A group was higher than that of KD group (57.0% vs. 25.0%), with significant difference (χ2 = 4.2, P = 0.041). The incidence rate of non-response to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) of cases in KD+influenza A group was significantly higher than that of KD group (42.9% vs. 14.3%), with significant difference (χ2 = 4.1, P = 0.041).

Conclusions

The duration of fever and period of definite diagnosis were longer, the incidence rate of non-response to IVIG was higher, and the levels of serum SSA and ALT increased significantly in children with influenza A and KD.

图1 682例甲型流感患儿发病季节性流行趋势图
图2 78例川崎病患儿发病季节性流行趋势图
表1 KD+甲流组与KD组临床表现和IVIG无反应型发生率
表2 各组患儿入院时实验室指标
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