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中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (04) : 215 -221. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2024.04.004

论 著

儿童难治性肺炎支原体肺炎早期预警指标
郑宝英, 黄小兰, 贾楠, 朱春梅()   
  1. 100020 北京,首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院呼吸内科
    100020 北京,首都儿科研究所中心实验室
    100020 北京,首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院呼吸内科1
    100020 北京,首都儿科研究所中心实验室2
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-04 出版日期:2024-08-08
  • 通信作者: 朱春梅
  • 基金资助:
    首都临床特色应用研究课题(No. Z181100001718116)北京市属医院科研培育项目(No. PX2021050)

Early warning indicators of children with refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia

Baoying Zheng, Xiaolan Huang, Nan Jia, Chunmei Zhu()   

  1. Department of Respiratory, The Children’s Hospital Affiliated to
    the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
    Experiment Center, Capital Institute of Pediatrics,
    Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
  • Received:2024-04-04 Published:2024-08-08
  • Corresponding author: Chunmei Zhu
引用本文:

郑宝英, 黄小兰, 贾楠, 朱春梅. 儿童难治性肺炎支原体肺炎早期预警指标[J]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(04): 215-221.

Baoying Zheng, Xiaolan Huang, Nan Jia, Chunmei Zhu. Early warning indicators of children with refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia[J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(04): 215-221.

目的

探讨儿童难治性肺炎支原体肺炎(RMPP)的早期预警指标,特别纳入了外周血CXC趋化因子配体9(CXCL9)的检测,为临床早期识别RMPP并及早干预提供依据。

方法

选择2021年8月至2022年4月就诊于首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院呼吸内科且临床诊断为肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)的128例患儿为研究对象,其中RMPP患儿45例(RMPP组),非RMPP患儿83例(对照组)。比较两组患儿的一般资料、临床症状、体征、实验室检查及肺内外并发症等。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测两组患儿血清CXCL9水平。应用二元Logistic回归分析筛选RMPP发生的影响因素。采用Spearman相关性检验分析血清CXCL9与发热时间、中性粒细胞比例、C-反应蛋白(CRP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、D-二聚体、血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)及干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)水平、肺内并发症及肺外并发症的相关性。

结果

RMPP组患儿发热时间[12(11,15)d vs. 10(8,11)d]和住院时间[9(6,11)d vs. 6(4,7)d]均显著长于对照组患儿,差异有显著统计学意义(Z =-5.929、P <0.001,Z =-5.949、P < 0.001);肺内(48.9% vs. 14.5%)及肺外(71.1% vs. 33.7%)并发症发生率显著高于对照组,差异有显著统计学意义(χ2 = 17.734、P < 0.001,χ2 = 16.369、P < 0.001)。RMPP组患儿中性粒细胞比例(t = 2.339、P = 0.021)、CRP(Z =-4.564、P < 0.001)、D-二聚体(Z =-6.024、P < 0.001)、LDH(Z =-5.535、P < 0.001)、CXCL9(Z =-2.181、P = 0.029)、IL-6(Z =-4.2、P < 0.001)和IFN-γ(Z =-3.729、P < 0.001)水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义。二元Logistic回归分析显示,发热时间(OR = 1.818、95%CI:1.363~2.425、P < 0.001)、CXCL9水平(OR = 1.002、95%CI:1.000~1.004、P = 0.04)均为RMPP的影响因素。外周血CXCL9水平与CRP(r = 0.179、P = 0.044)、LDH(r = 0.262、P = 0.003)和血清IL-6(r = 0.279、P = 0.001)水平呈正相关,与血清IFN-γ水平呈显著正相关(r = 0.441、P < 0.001)。

结论

RMPP患儿发热时间、外周血CRP、D-二聚体、LDH、IL-6、IFN-γ及血清CXCL9水平显著升高,且发热时间、血清CXCL9水平为RMPP的影响因素,以上指标均可成为RMPP的良好预警指标,为临床诊治提供依据。

Objective

To explore the early warning indicators of refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP) in children, which especially included the detection of CXC chemokine ligand 9 (CXCL9)in peripheral blood, and to provide basis for early clinical identification of RMPP and early intervention.

Methods

Total of 128 children diagnosed with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) in the respiratory department of Children’s Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Institute of Pediatrics from August 2021 to April 2022 were selected. Among them, 45 cases were diagnosed with RMPP (RMPP group) and 83 cases without RMPP were set as control group. The general data, clinical symptoms, signs, laboratory tests and internal and external pulmonary complications were compared between the two groups, respectively. Serum chemokine CXCL9 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The independent risk factors of RMPP were analyzed by Binary Logistic regression, while the correlation between CXCL9 and fever duration, neutrophil ratio, C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), D-dimer, serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels, intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary complications were analyzed by Spearman correlation test.

Results

The fever duration [12 (11, 15) d vs. 10 (8, 11) d] and hospital duration [9 (6, 11) d vs. 6 (4, 7) d] in RMPP group were significantly longer than those of control group, with significant differences (Z =-5.929, P < 0.001; Z =-5.949, P < 0.001). The incidence of intrapulmonary(48.9% vs. 14.5%) and extrapulmonary complications (71.1% vs. 33.7%) were both significantly higher than those of control group, with significant differences (χ2 = 17.734, P < 0.001; χ2 = 16.369, P < 0.001). The neutrophil ratio (t = 2.339, P = 0.021), CRP (Z =-4.564, P < 0.001), D-dimer (Z =-6.024, P < 0.001), LDH(Z =-5.535, P < 0.001), CXCL9 (Z =-2.181, P = 0.029), IL-6 (Z =-4.2, P < 0.001) and IFN-γ (Z =-3.729,P < 0.001) levels in RMPP group were significantly higher than those of control group, all with significant differences. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that fever duration (OR = 1.818, 95%CI: 1.363-2.425,P < 0.001) and CXCL9 level (OR = 1.002, 95%CI: 1.000-1.004, P = 0.04) were both influencing factors for RMPP. CXCL9 level in peripheral blood was positively correlated with CRP (r = 0.179, P = 0.044), LDH(r = 0.262, P = 0.003) and IL-6 (r = 0.279, P = 0.001), which was positively correlated with IFN-γ level (r =0.441, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Fever duration, peripheral blood CRP, D-dimer, LDH, IL-6, IFN-γ and serum CXCL9 levels of children with RMPP increased significantly, and fever duration and serum CXCL9 level are influencing factors for RMPP. All the above indicators could be early warning indicators of RMPP, and provide basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

表1 RMPP 组和对照组患儿的临床特征
表2 RMPP 组和对照组患儿的实验室指标
表3 RMPP 组和对照组患儿肺内外并发症 [例(%)]
表4 RMPP 发生影响因素的二元Logistic 回归分析
图1 CXCL9与CRP、LDH、IL-6和IFN-γ的相关性 注:A:血清CXCL9浓度与CRP水平的相关性;B:血清CXCL9浓度与LDH水平的相关性;C:血清CXCL9浓度与IL-6水平的相关性;D:血清CXCL9浓度与IFN-γ水平的相关性
表5 CXCL9 与相关临床指标相关性
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