人型支原体是人类条件病原微生物之一，除引起泌尿生殖道黏膜相关感染和肺部感染外，在其他器官和组织引起的感染越来越受到临床关注。然而，人型支原体感染者无症状或症状不典型和临床表现多样化，实验室常规培养鉴定病原体过程中受到诸多因素制约难以正确识别；另外，抗菌药物广泛应用诱导多重耐药菌株产生，使得临床对人型支原体感染的诊断和治疗复杂化，且极易被忽略或误诊。因此，如何做到对人型支原体感染早诊断、早治疗是临床和实验室需要共同探索的问题。本文对人型支原体在其他器官和组织感染的特征作简要介绍，就人型支原体的几种检测鉴别技术及其耐药性研究进展进行综述，以期为临床诊断治疗人型支原体感染提供参考。

Mycoplasma hominis is a kind of conditional pathogenic microorganism for human beings. In addition to urogenital mucosal infection and pulmonary infection, the infection of other organs and tissues caused by Mycoplasma hominis had received more and more attention of clinical workers. Nevertheless, Mycoplasma hominis infection usually showed no symptom, atypical clinical symptoms, or diversified symptoms, it was difficult to make correct identification because the conventional cultivation and identification of pathogen in the laboratory were restricted by many factors, and the extensive use of antibacterial drugs would induce multiple drug-resistant strains, thereby making the clinical diagnosis and treatment of these infections more complicated, so it very easy to be neglected or misdiagnosed. Therefore, it was still an exploratory issue for both clinic and laboratory to take early diagnosis and treatment for Mycoplasma hominis infection. In this paper, the characteristics of Mycoplasma hominis infection in other organs and tissues were briefly introduced. Several detection and identification techniques of Mycoplasma hominis and their drug resistance were reviewed in order to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of Mycoplasma hominis.