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中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (01) : 15 -21. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2021.01.004

所属专题: 经典病例 文献

论著

44例不同严重程度新型冠状病毒肺炎患者临床检测指标分析
胡文佳1, 陈铁龙1, 严亚军1, 邓莉平1, 骆名其1, 宋世会1, 陈小平1, 熊勇1,()   
  1. 1. 430071 武汉市,武汉大学中南医院感染科
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-31 出版日期:2021-02-15
  • 通信作者: 熊勇
  • 基金资助:
    湖北省新型肺炎应急科技攻关项目(No. 2020FCA005); 武汉大学医学腾飞计划(No. TFJC 2018002)

Clinical indicators of 44 patients with different types of coronavirus disease 2019

Wenjia Hu1, Tielong Chen1, Yajun Yan1, Liping Deng1, Mingqi Luo1, Shihui Song1, Xiaoping Chen1, Yong Xiong1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
  • Received:2020-03-31 Published:2021-02-15
  • Corresponding author: Yong Xiong
引用本文:

胡文佳, 陈铁龙, 严亚军, 邓莉平, 骆名其, 宋世会, 陈小平, 熊勇. 44例不同严重程度新型冠状病毒肺炎患者临床检测指标分析[J]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2021, 15(01): 15-21.

Wenjia Hu, Tielong Chen, Yajun Yan, Liping Deng, Mingqi Luo, Shihui Song, Xiaoping Chen, Yong Xiong. Clinical indicators of 44 patients with different types of coronavirus disease 2019[J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2021, 15(01): 15-21.

目的

分析不同严重程度新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者在入院初期临床检测指标特点,寻找可预警轻型/普通型发展为重型/危重型的实验室检测指标。

方法

回顾性研究武汉大学中南医院感染科于2020年2月收治的44例COVID-19患者病历资料,依据病情严重程度,将患者分为轻型/普通型组28例,重型/危重型组16例。分析患者入院3天内血常规[白细胞(WBC)、中性粒细胞(NEU)、淋巴细胞(LYM)、单核细胞百分比(MON)、血小板(PLT)]、生化指标[丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBil)、白蛋白(ALB)、肌酐(CREA)]、炎症因子[C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)]、新型冠状病毒核酸检测以及外周血淋巴细胞亚群等指标,采用t检验、秩和检验或卡方检验进行分析。采用二元Logistics回归分析病情重症化的风险因素。

结果

重型/危重型组患者外周血WBC、NEU、MON、PLT、LYM、CD3+ T细胞、CD3+CD4+T细胞、CD3+CD8+ T细胞、CD4+/CD8+、CD19+、CD16+CD56+细胞计数均低于轻型/普通型组,其中CD3+T细胞(t = 2.24、P = 0.03)、CD3+CD4+ T细胞(t = 2.148、P = 0.037)和外周血淋巴细胞(t = 2.039、P = 0.047)差异有统计学意义。重型/危重型组患者血清IL-6为21.06(11.02,36.43)pg/ml,轻型/普通型组患者为6.13(3.14,12.54)pg/ml,差异有统计学意义(Z = 2.952、P = 0.003)。重型/危重型组患者咽拭子样本和粪便样本新型冠病毒核酸Ct值分别为(30.03 ± 1.196)和(33.12 ± 1.48),均低于轻型/普通型组患者新型冠病毒核酸Ct值[(33.56 ± 0.75)和(35.76 ± 0.98)],差异均有统计学意义(t = 2.634、P = 0.012,t = 1.545、P = 0.130)。重型/危重型组患者住院天数[(25.06 ± 3.01)d]显著长于轻型/普通型组患者[(11.79 ± 1.06)d],差异有统计学意义(t = 4.986、P < 0.001)。二元Logistics回归分析发现IL-6(OR = 1.059、P = 0.039)和住院天数(OR = 1.173、P = 0.005)均为COVID-19患者病情严重程度的影响因素。

结论

不同严重程度COVID-19患者入院初期淋巴细胞及亚群、IL-6及病毒核酸水平存在差异,其中住院天数和IL-6异常升高是重症化的危险因素,对COVID-19患者病情严重程度和临床分型的早期预判有重要意义。

Objective

To analyze the characteristics of clinical and laboratory data of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with different severity on admission, and to find a laboratory indexes for early warning mild/moderate development into severe/critical type.

Methods

Total of 44 patients confirmed with COVID-19 were included in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University in February 2020, retrospectively. Patients with COVID-19 were divided into mild/moderate group (28 patients) and severe/critical group (16 patients). Blood routine tests [white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil (NEU), lymphocyte (LYM), monocytes (MON), platelet (PLT)], biochemical examinations [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBil), albumin (ALB), creatinine (CREA)], inflammatory factors tests [C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6)], new coronavirus nucleic acid tests and peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets tests performed within 3 days on admission were collected and analyzed by t test, rank sum test or chi-square test, respectively. The risk factors of severe disease were analyzed by Binary Logistic regression analysis.

Results

Levels of peripheral blood WBC, NEU, MON, PLT, LYM, and absolute count of CD3+ T lymphocytes, CD3+CD4+T lymphocyte, CD3+CD8+T lymphocytes, CD4+/CD8+ T, CD19+B lymphocytes, CD16+CD56+NK cells of patients in severe/critical group were all lower than those of mild/moderate group, among which, the absolute count of CD3+ T lymphocytes (t = 2.24, P = 0.03), CD3+CD4+ T lymphocytes (t = 2.148, P = 0.037) and peripheral blood lymphocytes (t = 2.039, P = 0.047) were decreased with significant difference. Serum IL-6 level was 21.06 (11.02, 36.43) pg/ml of patients in severe/critical group and 6.13 (3.14, 12.54) pg/ml in mild/moderate group, with significant difference (Z = 2.952, P = 0.003). Novel coronavirus nucleic acid Ct values ??of respiratory tract specimens and fecal specimens of patients in severe/critical group were (30.03 ± 1.196) and (33.12 ± 1.48), which were significantly lower than those of mild/moderate group: (33.56 ± 0.75) of respiratory tract specimens (t =2.634, P = 0.012) and (35.76 ± 0.98) of fecal specimens (t =1.545, P = 0.130) with significant differences. The length of hospital stay of patients in severe/critical group was (25.06 ± 3.01) days, which was significantly higher than that of mild/moderate group [(11.79 ± 1.06) days], with significant difference (t = 4.986, P < 0.001). Binary Logistic regression analysis found that IL-6 (OR = 1.059, 0.039) and the length of hospital stay (OR = 1.173, 0.005) were both the influencing factors of the severity of patients with COVID-19.

Conclusions

There were significant differences in lymphocyte subsets, serum IL-6 level and viral nucleic acid levels between COVID-19 patients with varying severity, and the length of hospital stay and abnormally increased IL-6 were risk factors for severe disease, and both were of great significance in predicting the severity and clinical classification of COVID-19 patients at early stage.

表1 44例COVID-19患者的一般资料
表2 44例COVID-19患者的实验室指标
图1 轻型/普通型和重型/危重型COVID-19患者细胞因子和新型冠状病毒相对核酸含量
表3 44例COVID-19患者淋巴细胞亚群(±s
表4 COVID-19患者重症化可能因素的二元Logistics回归分析
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