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中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (04) : 223 -229. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2025.04.005

论著

基于血清降钙素原、可溶性白细胞介素-2受体及临床特征建立慢性化脓性中耳炎术后复发风险预测模型及效能评价
李炜1, 王倩2, 张娥2, 张光辉2,()   
  1. 1610000 成都市,成都市第七人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科
    2611930 彭州市,彭州市人民医院耳鼻喉科
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-21 出版日期:2025-08-15
  • 通信作者: 张光辉
  • 基金资助:
    2021年成都市医学科研课题(No. 2021203)

Risk prediction model and efficacy evaluation for postoperative recurrence of chronic suppurative otitis media established based on serum procalcitonin, soluble interleukin-2 receptor and clinical characteristics

Wei Li1, Qian Wang2, E Zhang2, Guanghui Zhang2,()   

  1. 1Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chengdu Seventh People’s Hospital, Chengdu 610000, China
    2Department of Otolaryngology, Pengzhou People’s Hospital, Pengzhou 611930, China
  • Received:2024-11-21 Published:2025-08-15
  • Corresponding author: Guanghui Zhang
引用本文:

李炜, 王倩, 张娥, 张光辉. 基于血清降钙素原、可溶性白细胞介素-2受体及临床特征建立慢性化脓性中耳炎术后复发风险预测模型及效能评价[J/OL]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(04): 223-229.

Wei Li, Qian Wang, E Zhang, Guanghui Zhang. Risk prediction model and efficacy evaluation for postoperative recurrence of chronic suppurative otitis media established based on serum procalcitonin, soluble interleukin-2 receptor and clinical characteristics[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(04): 223-229.

目的

探讨慢性化脓性中耳炎(CSOM)术后复发的影响因素,并基于降钙素原(PCT)和可溶性白细胞介素-2受体(sIL-2R)及病例特征构建术后复发的相关预测模型,并评估其预测效能。

方法

回顾性分析2018年6月至2023年6月于成都市第七人民医院行手术治疗并达到治愈标准的400例CSOM患者临床资料,随访1年,根据患者是否复发分为复发组(31例)和未复发组(369例)。采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析模型探究CSOM术后复发的影响因素,建立基于PCT水平、sIL-2R水平及临床特征的CSOM术后复发风险预测模型,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析风险预测模型对CSOM术后复发的预测效能。

结果

复发组和未复发组患者年龄(χ2=3.955、P=0.047)、咽鼓管不通(χ2=3.955、P=0.047)、反复上呼吸道感染(χ2=5.679、P=0.017)、空腹血糖(t=4.741、P < 0.001)、术后PCT水平(t=3.488、P=0.001)和sIL-2R(t=2.864、P=0.004)差异有统计学意义。二元Logistic回归模型显示,咽鼓管不通(OR=2.492、95%CI:1.062~5.852、P=0.036)、反复上呼吸道感染(OR=3.830、95%CI:1.668~8.791、P=0.002)、空腹血糖(OR=2.843、95%CI:1.643~4.919、P < 0.001)、术后PCT水平(OR=155.371、95%CI:3.650~6 613.023、P=0.008)和sIL-2R(OR=1.007、95%CI:1.001~1.014、P=0.029)均为CSOM术后复发的独立危险因素。根据Logisitc回归分析结果得到预测模型方程G=Log(P)=0.923 ×咽鼓管状态+ 1.299 ×反复上呼吸道感染+ 1.093 ×空腹血糖+ 5.367 ×术后PCT + 0.007 × sIL-2R-14.803。预测模型ROC曲线分析显示,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.819(95%CI:0.737~0.902),提示对CSOM术后复发有较好预测价值。

结论

咽鼓管不通、反复上呼吸道感染、空腹血糖、术后PCT水平和sIL-2R为CSOM术后复发的危险因素,由此构建的预测模型具有一定预测价值。

Objective

To explore the influencing factors of postoperative recurrence of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), and to construct the relevant prediction model of postoperative recurrence based on procalcitonin (PCT), soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) and clinical characteristics.

Methods

The clinical data of 400 patients with CSOM who were treated by surgery and reached the cure standard in Chengdu Seventh People’s Hospital from June 2018 to June 2023 were collected, retrospectively. After following-up for one year, the patients were divided into recurrence group (31 cases) and non-recurrence group (369 cases) according to whether they had recurrence. The influencing factors of postoperative recurrence of CSOM were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression analysis models, and a risk prediction model for postoperative recurrence of CSOM based on PCT, sIL-2R and clinical characteristics was established, and the predictive efficacy of the risk prediction model was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results

Age (χ2=3.955, P=0.047), impatency of eustachian tube (χ2=3.955, P=0.047), repeated upper respiratory tract infection (χ2=5.679, P=0.017), fasting blood glucose (t=4.741, P < 0.001), postoperative PCT level (t=3.488, P=0.001) and sIL-2R level (t = 2.864, P=0.004) between patients in recurrence group and non-recurrence group were all significantly different. The results of the binary Logistic regression model showed that impatency of eustachian tube (OR=2.492, 95%CI: 1.062-5.852, P=0.036), recurrent upper respiratory tract infection (OR=3.830, 95%CI: 1.668-8.791, P=0.002), fasting blood glucose (OR=2.843, 95%CI: 1.643-4.919, P < 0.001), postoperative PCT level (OR=155.371, 95%CI: 3.650-6 613.023, P=0.008) and sIL-2R level (OR=1.007, 95%CI: 1.001-1.014, P=0.029) were all independent risk factors for CSOM recurrence after surgery. According to the results of Logistic regression analysis, the prediction model equation was obtained: G=Log (P)=0.923 × impatency of eustachian tube + 1.299 × repeated upper respiratory tract infection + 1.093 × fasting blood glucose + 5.367 × postoperative PCT + 0.007 × sIL-2R-14.803. ROC curve analysis of the predictive model showed that AUC of this predictive model was 0.819 (95%CI: 0.737-0.902), suggesting a good predictive value for postoperative recurrence of CSOM.

Conclusions

Eustachian tube obstruction, repeated upper respiratory tract infection, fasting blood glucose, postoperative PCT level and sIL-2R level are all risk factors for recurrence after CSOM surgery. The predictive model constructed based on these factors has certain predictive value.

表1 复发组和未复发组CSOM患者临床资料
临床资料 复发组(31例) 未复发组(369例) 统计量 P
性别[例(%)]     χ2=0.173a 0.677
17(54.84) 188(50.95)    
14(45.16) 181(49.05)    
年龄(±s,岁) 58.61 ± 6.39 56.13±6.09 t=2.176 0.030
病程(±s,年) 4.23±1.06 4.26 ± 1.19 t=0.186 0.867
病变部位[例(%)]     χ2=0.594a 0.441
左耳 16(51.61) 164(44.44)    
右耳 15(48.39) 205(55.56)    
活动期发病时间(±s,d) 6.90±0.83 6.75±0.81 t=0.985 0.325
发病频次(±s,次) 2.87±0.85 2.67±0.78 t=1.379 0.169
鼓膜张肌腱[例(%)]     χ2=2.623a 0.105
27(87.10) 273(73.98)    
4(12.90) 96(26.02)    
鼓室黏膜病变[例(%)]     χ2=0.064a 0.800
21(67.74) 258(69.92)    
10(32.26) 111(30.08)    
咽鼓管[例(%)]     χ2=3.955a 0.047
不通 13(41.94) 94(25.47)    
通畅 18(58.06) 275(74.53)    
反复上呼吸道感染[例(%)]     χ2 = 5.679a 0.017
12(38.71) 75(20.33)    
19(61.29) 294(79.67)    
慢性鼻窦炎[例(%)]     χ2=2.255a 0.133
8(25.81) 57(15.45)    
23(74.19) 312(84.55)    
通气管[例(%)]     χ2=1.655a 0.198
3(9.68) 70(18.97)    
28(90.32) 299(81.03)    
血清白蛋白(±s,g/L) 33.71±5.64 32.23 ± 6.17 t=1.288 0.198
空腹血糖(±s,mmol/L) 6.32±0.85 5.71±0.67 t=4.741 <0.001
术后PCT(±s,μg/L) 0.54±0.13 0.47±0.11 t=3.488 0.001
sIL-2R(±s,U/ml) 334.32±73.64 298.68±65.94 t=2.864 0.004
表2 CSOM术后复发影响因素的二元Logistic回归分析
表3 CSOM术后复发风险预测模型参数
图1 CSOM术后复发风险预测模型
图2 所建立的预测模型对CSOM术后复发的ROC曲线
表4 CSOM术后复发风险预测模型构建Bootstrap自助抽样结果参数
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