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中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (03) : 165 -174. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2025.03.005

所属专题: 文献

论著

幽门螺杆菌感染亚型对结直肠息肉病理类型及炎症特征的影响
陆玓(), 高杨   
  1. 100040 北京,北京市石景山医院消化内科
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-24 出版日期:2025-06-15
  • 通信作者: 陆玓
  • 基金资助:
    首都卫生发展科研专项(No. FW-ZXKT2022042000547)

Effects of Helicobacter pylori subtypes infection on pathological types and inflammatory characteristics of colorectal polyps

Di Lu(), Yang Gao   

  1. Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Shijingshan Hospital, Beijing 100040, China
  • Received:2024-12-24 Published:2025-06-15
  • Corresponding author: Di Lu
引用本文:

陆玓, 高杨. 幽门螺杆菌感染亚型对结直肠息肉病理类型及炎症特征的影响[J/OL]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(03): 165-174.

Di Lu, Yang Gao. Effects of Helicobacter pylori subtypes infection on pathological types and inflammatory characteristics of colorectal polyps[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(03): 165-174.

目的

分析不同病理类型结直肠息肉患者的幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染亚型,并分析其与炎症特征的关系。

方法

纳入2020年1月1日至2023年12月31日北京市石景山医院收治的480例Hp阳性结直肠息肉患者为研究对象,根据患者病理类型分为增生性息肉组、炎性息肉组、腺瘤性息肉组和结直肠癌组,每组各120例。回顾性分析患者一般资料及胃肠镜影像特征,比较各组患者Hp亚型分布及炎症因子C-反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素(IL)-1、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、血小板与淋巴细胞比值(PLR)水平。比较结直肠息肉组织不同病理类型及不同亚型下炎症因子表达差异。采用多因素Logistic回归分析结直肠息肉患者患结直肠癌的危险因素,并分析Hp感染亚型与炎症因子的危险关联。采用广义多因子降维(GMDR)法分析Hp感染亚型与炎症指标对结直肠癌的交互作用。

结果

增生性息肉组、炎性息肉组、腺瘤性息肉组和结直肠癌组患者饮酒史(χ2 = 32.433、P < 0.001)、高血脂史(χ2 = 19.940、P < 0.001)和病变大小(χ2 = 89.048、P < 0.001)差异具有统计学意义。增生性息肉组、炎性息肉组、腺瘤性息肉组和结直肠癌组患者Hp感染亚型(Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型)分布差异有统计意义(χ2 = 51.193、P < 0.001)。增生性息肉组、炎性息肉组、腺瘤性息肉组和结直肠癌组患者CRP(F = 2.871、P = 0.036)、IL-1(F = 109.747、P < 0.001)、IL-6(F = 51.959、P < 0.001)、TNF-α(F = 26.770、P < 0.001)、NLR(F=7.393、P < 0.001)差异均有统计学意义,而PLR水平差异无统计学意义(F = 1.617、P = 0.185)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,饮酒史(OR = 1.937、95%CI:1.420~2.763、P < 0.001)、高血脂史(OR = 2.856、95%CI:2.351~3.759、P < 0.001)、病变> 2 cm(OR = 3.017、95%CI:2.215~3.823、P < 0.001)、CRP > 7.01 pmol/L(OR = 2.235、95%CI:1.840~2.760、P < 0.001)、IL-1 > 22.13 mmol/L(OR = 1.857、95%CI:1.148~2.996、P < 0.001)、IL-6 > 30.24 mmol/L(OR = 1.592、95%CI:1.308~2.093、 P < 0.001)、TNF-α > 31.79 g/L(OR = 1.985、95%CI:1.290~3.225、P < 0.001)、NLR > 2.08(OR = 2.803、95%CI:1.922~3.474、P < 0.001)和Ⅰ型Hp感染(OR = 2.961、95%CI:2.158~3.510、P < 0.001)均为结直肠息肉患者患结直肠癌的危险因素。增生性息肉组、炎性息肉组、腺瘤性息肉组和结直肠癌组中Ⅰ型Hp感染者CRP、IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α、NLR和PLR水平均显著高于Ⅱ型Hp感染者,差异均有统计学意义(P均< 0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,CRP(R = 0.165、P = 0.042)、IL-1(R = 0.183、P < 0.001)、IL-6(R = 0.367、P < 0.001)、TNF-α(R = 0.215、P = 0.006)、NLR(R = 0.236、P = 0.038)和PLR(R = 0.185、P = 0.010)均Ⅰ型Hp感染的危险因素;IL-1(R = 0.212、P = 0.006)、IL-6(R = 0.205、P = 0.023)和TNF-α(R = 0.189、P = 0.014)均为Ⅱ型Hp感染的危险因素。基于CRP、IL-1、IL-6、TNF-α、NLR和Ⅰ型Hp感染构建的GMDR六阶模型检验样本准确度为73.803%,交叉验证一致性为100%,模型交互效应显著性检验结果差异显著(P均< 0.001)。

结论

不同病理类型结直肠息肉患者Hp亚型分布不同,腺瘤性息肉患者和结直肠癌患者Ⅰ型Hp感染率更高。不同Hp感染亚型结直肠息肉患者炎症因子水平不同,Ⅰ型Hp感染者炎症因子水平普遍高于Ⅱ型Hp感染的息肉 患者。

Objective

To analyze Helicobacter pylori (Hp) subtypes infection in patients with different pathological types of colorectal polyps, and investigate the relationship with inflammatory characteristics.

Methods

Total of 480 patients with Hp positive colorectal polyps admitted to Beijing Shijingshan Hospital from January 1st 2020 to December 31st 2023 were collected as research subjects. According to the pathological types, the patients were divided into proliferative polyp group, inflammatory polyp group, adenomatous polyp group and colorectal cancer group, with 120 cases in each group. The general information and gastrointestinal imaging features of patients were analyzed, retrospectively, Hp subtype distribution and levels of inflammatory factors such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in each group of patients were compared, respectively. The differences among the expression of inflammatory factors among different pathological types of colorectal polyps and subtypes were analyzed. The risk factors for colorectal cancer in patients with colorectal polyps, and the risk association between Hp subtypes and inflammatory factors were identified by multiple Logistic regression analysis. The interaction between Hp subtypes and inflammatory markers of colorectal cancer were analyzed by generalized multi factor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) method. The alcohol consumption history (χ2 = 32.433, P < 0.001), hyperlipidemia history (χ2 = 19.940, P < 0.001) and lesion size (χ2 = 89.048, P < 0.001) among patients in proliferative polyp group, inflammatory polyp group, adenomatous polyp group and colorectal cancer group were significantly different. The distribution of Hp subtypes (type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ) among patients of the four groups (χ2 = 51.193, P < 0.001), the levels of CRP (F = 2.871, P = 0.036), IL-1 (F = 109.747, P < 0.001), IL-6 (F = 51.959, P < 0.001), TNF-α (F = 26.770, P < 0.001) and NLR (F = 7.393, P < 0.001) were all significantly different among patients of hyperplastic polyp group, inflammatory polyp group, adenomatous polyp group and colorectal cancer group, while PLR level was without significant difference (F = 1.617, P = 0.185). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that history of alcohol consumption (OR = 1.937, 95%CI: 1.420-2.763, P < 0.001), history of hyperlipidemia (OR = 2.856, 95%CI: 2.351-3.759, P < 0.001), lesion size > 2 cm (OR = 3.017, 95%CI: 2.215-3.823,P < 0.001), CRP > 7.01 pmol/L (OR = 2.235, 95%CI: 1.840-2.760, P < 0.001), IL-1 > 22.13 mmol/L (OR = 1.857, 95%CI: 1.148-2.996, P < 0.001), IL-6 > 30.24 mmol/L (OR = 1.592, 95%CI: 1.308-2.093, P < 0.001), TNF-α > 31.79 g/L (OR = 1.985, 95%CI: 1.290-3.225, P < 0.001), NLR > 2.08 (OR = 2.803, 95%CI: 1.922-3.474, P < 0.001) and type Ⅰ Hp infection (OR = 2.961, 95%CI: 2.158-3.510, P < 0.001) were all risk factors for colorectal cancer in patients with colorectal polyps. The levels of CRP, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, NLR and PLR in type Ⅰ Hp infected individuals were significantly higher than those of type Ⅱ Hp infected individuals among the proliferative polyp group, inflammatory polyp group, adenomatous polyp group and colorectal cancer group, with significant differences (allP < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that CRP (R = 0.165, P = 0.042), IL-1 (R = 0.183, P < 0.001), IL-6 (R = 0.367, P < 0.001), TNF-α (R = 0.215,P = 0.006), NLR (R = 0.236,P = 0.038) were all risk factors for type Ⅰ Hp infection; PLR (R = 0.185, P = 0.010), IL-1 (R = 0.212, P = 0.006), IL-6 (R = 0.205, P = 0.023) and TNF-α (R = 0.189, P = 0.014) were all risk factors for type Ⅱ Hp infection. The six-order GMDR model based on CRP, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, NLR and type Ⅰ Hp infection was constructed to test the accuracy of the sample, the accuracy of which was 73.803%, the cross-validation consistency was 100%, the results of the significant test of the interaction effect of the model were significantly different (all P < 0.001).

Conclusions

The distribution of Hp subtypes varies among patients with different pathological types of colorectal polyps, and adenomatous polyps and colorectal cancer patients have a higher rate of type Ⅰ Hp infection. The levels of inflammatory factors differ among patients with colorectal polyps infected with different Hp subtypes, and the levels of inflammatory factors are generally higher in patients infected with type Ⅰ Hp than those of patients infected with type Ⅱ Hp.

表1 增生性息肉组、炎性息肉组、腺瘤性息肉组和结直肠癌组患者的临床资料
临床资料 增生性息肉组(120例) 炎性息肉组(120例) 腺瘤性息肉组(120例) 结直肠癌组(120例) 统计量 P
性别 [例(%)] χ2 = 0.804 0.849
62(51.67) 64(53.33) 68(56.67) 62(51.67)
58(48.33) 56(46.67) 52(43.33) 58(48.33)
年龄(,岁) 54.55 ± 13.25 53.47 ± 11.96 54.18 ± 11.67 53.54 ± 12.28 F = 0.214 0.887
BMI(,kg/m2 24.78 ± 3.36 24.59 ± 3.48 24.65 ± 3.47 24.15 ± 4.11 F = 0.686 0.561
吸烟史 [例(%)] χ2 = 4.870 0.182
64(53.33) 54(45.00) 48(40.00)a 51(42.50)
56(46.67) 66(55.00) 72(80.00) 69(57.50)
饮酒史 [例(%)] χ2 = 32.433 < 0.001
50(41.67) 38(31.67) 43(35.83) 78(65.00)abc
70(58.33) 82(68.33) 77(64.17) 42(35.00)
高血压史 [例(%)] χ2 = 0.320 0.956
42(35.00) 44(36.67) 43(35.83) 40(33.33)
78(65.00) 76(63.33) 77(64.17) 80(66.67)
糖尿病史 [例(%)] χ2 = 0.725 0.867
46(38.33) 40(33.33) 42(35.00) 44(36.67)
74(61.67) 80(66.67) 78(65.00) 76(63.33)
高血脂史 [例(%)] χ2 = 19.940 < 0.001
28(23.33) 35(29.17) 51(42.50)a 57(47.50)a
92(76.67) 85(70.83) 69(57.50) 63(52.50)
胃息肉 [例(%)] χ2 = 1.505 0.681
62(51.67) 53(44.17) 56(46.67) 55(45.83)
58(48.33) 67(55.83) 64(53.33) 65(54.17)
病变大小 [例(%)] χ2 = 89.048 < 0.001
≤ 2 cm 82(68.33) 57(47.50)a 24(20.00)ab 21(17.50)ab
> 2 cm 38(31.67) 63(52.50) 96(80.00) 99(82.50)
息肉数量 [例(%)] χ2 = 2.518 0.472
单发 51(42.50) 53(44.17) 50(41.67) 61(50.83)
多发 69(57.50) 67(55.83) 70(58.33) 59(49.17)
息肉位置 [例(%)] χ2 = 0.921 0.988
结肠 55(45.83) 57(47.50) 53(44.17) 54(45.00)
盲肠 30(25.00) 32(26.67) 31(25.83) 29(24.17)
直肠 35(29.17) 31(25.83) 36(30.00) 37(30.83)
ALT(,U/L) 31.62 ± 24.87 27.48 ± 23.44 31.53 ± 21.58 32.96 ± 21.82 F = 1.278 0.281
AST(,U/L) 28.42 ± 13.15 26.80 ± 17.63 29.63 ± 14.54 26.58 ± 14.88 F = 1.084 0.356
ALP(,U/L) 77.56 ± 20.88 72.94 ± 25.21 79.12 ± 23.17b 75.28 ± 22.40 F = 1.657 0.176
TC(,mmol/L) 5.43 ± 1.21 5.31 ± 1.05 5.42 ± 0.99 5.37 ± 1.16 F = 0.297 0.828
TG(,mmol/L) 2.16 ± 1.27 1.93 ± 1.03 2.07 ± 1.10 2.05 ± 1.22 F = 0.800 0.494
LDL-C(,mmol/L) 3.24 ± 0.93 3.25 ± 0.86 3.25 ± 0.97 3.26 ± 1.05 F = 0.425 0.735
HDL-C(,mmol/L) 1.20 ± 0.35 1.16 ± 0.32 1.14 ± 0.43 1.19 ± 0.36 F = 0.675 0.568
FBG(,mmol/L) 4.95 ± 0.98 5.04 ± 1.12 5.06 ± 1.05 5.02 ± 0.93 F = 0.263 0.852
表2 Hp感染亚型在不同病理类型肠息肉患者的分布 [例(%)]
表3 增生性息肉组、炎性息肉组、腺瘤性息肉组和结直肠癌组患者的炎症指标(
表4 结直肠息肉患者患结直肠癌影响因素赋值
表5 结直肠息肉患者患结直肠癌的多因素Logistic回归分析
表6 增生性息肉组、炎性息肉组、腺瘤性息肉组和结直肠癌组中Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型Hp感染者的炎性因子水平(
指标 增生性息肉组(120例) 炎性息肉组(120例) 腺瘤性息肉组(120例) 结直肠癌组(120例) F P
CRP(pmol/L)
Ⅰ型Hp感染 7.21 ± 0.66 7.24 ± 1.18 7.32 ± 0.74 7.43 ± 0.43a 1.812 0.144
Ⅱ型Hp感染 6.90 ± 0.59 6.83 ± 0.98 7.03 ± 0.67 7.08 ± 0.64a 2.939 0.033
t 3.836 2.928 3.182 4.973
P < 0.001 0.004 0.002 < 0.001
IL-1(mmol/L)
Ⅰ型Hp感染 19.94 ± 3.52 22.05 ± 3.26a 25.38 ± 5.46ab 27.94 ± 2.15abc 104.700 < 0.001
Ⅱ型Hp感染 18.53 ± 4.29 18.73 ± 4.22 22.41 ± 5.24ab 24.42 ± 1.88ab 59.368 < 0.001
t 2.783 6.820 4.299 13.501
P 0.006 < 0.001 < 0.001 < 0.001
IL-6(mmol/L)
Ⅰ型Hp感染 28.55 ± 3.94 31.54 ± 7.33a 32.04 ± 4.87a 34.46 ± 5.85ab 22.228 1.741
Ⅱ型Hp感染 24.11 ± 4.05 26.32 ± 6.20a 30.45 ± 6.14ab 31.10 ± 5.42ab 42.052 < 0.001
t 8.608 5.956 2.223 4.615
P < 0.001 < 0.001 0.027 < 0.001
TNF-α(mmol/L)
Ⅰ型Hp感染 30.95 ± 5.26 33.20 ± 6.01a 32.02 ± 4.43 35.24 ± 3.77abc 16.608 < 0.001
Ⅱ型Hp感染 28.10 ± 4.80 30.74 ± 6.25a 29.55 ± 5.71a 31.75 ± 2.39ac 11.819 < 0.001
t 4.384 3.108 3.744 8.365
P < 0.001 0.002 < 0.001 < 0.001
NLR
Ⅰ型Hp感染 2.02 ± 0.65 2.00 ± 0.57 2.22 ± 0.88ab 2.29 ± 0.85ab 4.468 0.004
Ⅱ型Hp感染 1.75 ± 0.97 1.82 ± 0.62 1.92 ± 0.76 1.78 ± 1.36 0.702 0.551
t 2.533 2.341 2.826 3.484
P 0.012 0.020 0.005 0.001
PLR
Ⅰ型Hp感染 128.86 ± 33.27 131.35 ± 19.24 129.94 ± 25.22 136.68 ± 20.50abc 2.279 0.079
Ⅱ型Hp感染 120.48 ± 27.18 124.90 ± 23.28 121.47 ± 23.26 125.83 ± 19.26 1.474 0.221
t 2.134 2.339 2.704 4.225
P 0.034 0.020 0.007 < 0.001
表7 Hp感染亚型与炎症因子的危险关联分析
表8 Hp感染亚型与炎症指标对结直肠癌交互作用的GMDR模型
表9 GMDR模型交互效应
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