切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (06) : 350 -359. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2024.06.005

论著

不同胎龄嗜酸性粒细胞增多症早产儿的临床特征及发生感染性疾病的影响因素
夏宁1,(), 曾品芳1, 万鸿1   
  1. 1.614000 乐山市,四川省乐山市妇幼保健院儿科
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-07 出版日期:2024-12-15
  • 通信作者: 夏宁
  • 基金资助:
    乐山市卫生健康委员会(No.22SZD139)

Clinical characteristics of premature infants with eosinophilia increase at different gestational ages and influencing factors of infectious diseases

Ning Xia1,(), Pinfang Zeng1, Hong Wan1   

  1. 1.Department of Pediatrics,Leshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Sichuan Province, Leshan 614000, China
  • Received:2024-06-07 Published:2024-12-15
  • Corresponding author: Ning Xia
引用本文:

夏宁, 曾品芳, 万鸿. 不同胎龄嗜酸性粒细胞增多症早产儿的临床特征及发生感染性疾病的影响因素[J/OL]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 350-359.

Ning Xia, Pinfang Zeng, Hong Wan. Clinical characteristics of premature infants with eosinophilia increase at different gestational ages and influencing factors of infectious diseases[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(06): 350-359.

目的

探讨不同胎龄嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)增多症早产儿的临床特征,发生感染性疾病的影响因素及不同感染性疾病与EOS增多程度的相关性。

方法

回顾性收集2020年5月至2022年6月乐山市妇幼保健院收治的232例EOS增多早产儿作为研究对象,根据胎龄分为极早产组50例(27周≤胎龄< 32周)、中期早产组58例(32周≤胎龄< 34周)和晚期早产组124例(34周≤胎龄< 37周)。按1∶1∶1倾向性匹配后,3组患者均为48例。比较匹配后3组患儿性别、产妇围生期高危因素、肺出血、剖宫产、抗菌药物使用、机械通气、输血、白细胞升高、胃肠道异常表现、宫内窒息、母亲情况、感染性疾病、多胎、胎膜早破、妊娠糖尿病、妊娠高血压、羊水污染、前置胎盘、宫内感染、喂养不耐受、出生胎龄、出生体重、出生头围、出生身长、母亲年龄、胎龄、出生体重、出生头围、出生身长、降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)。根据是否发生感染性疾病,将匹配后的144例患儿分为感染性疾病组(41例)和非感染性疾病组(103例),比较该两组患儿出生体重、出生头围、出生身长、剖宫产、多胎、宫内窒息、胎膜早破、妊娠糖尿病、妊娠高血压、羊水污染、前置胎盘、宫内感染、PCT、IL-6、TNF-α、胎龄和EOS计数。采用Logistic回归分析EOS增多患儿发生感染性疾病的影响因素;采用平滑曲线拟合分析早产儿EOS增多程度与常见感染性疾病发生率的曲线关系并进行阈值效应分析。

结果

匹配后,极早产组、中期早产组和晚期早产组患儿胎龄(F = 18.633、P < 0.001)、出生体重(F = 5.387、P < 0.001)、出生头围(F = 4.330、P <0.001)、出生身长(F = 4.708、P < 0.001)、剖宫产(χ2 = 8.792、P = 0.012)、抗菌药物使用(χ2 =13.580、P = 0.001)、感染性疾病[坏死性小肠结肠炎(χ2 = 6.257、P = 0.043)、败血症(χ2 = 7.412、P = 0.024)、脑膜炎(χ2 = 7.304、P = 0.026)、肺炎(χ2 = 7.304、P = 0.026)、泌尿系统感染(χ2 =7.412、P = 0.024)]以及实验室指标[PCT(F = 13.236、P < 0.001)、IL-6(F = 25.017、P < 0.001)和TNF-α(F = 7.948、P = 0.001)]差异均具有统计学意义。感染性疾病组患儿PCT ≥ 0.44 μg/L(χ2 =31.109、P < 0.001)、IL-6 ≥ 0.44 ng/L(χ2 = 20.990、P < 0.001)、TNF-α ≥ 14.59 ng/L(χ2 = 9.536、P = 0.002)、胎龄(27周≤胎龄< 32周)(χ2 = 6.206、P = 0.045)、EOS计数≥ 1.5 × 109/L(χ2 =8.585、P = 0.003)和喂养不耐受(χ2 = 14.107、P < 0.001)患儿占比显著高于非感染性疾病组,差异均有统计学意义。Logistic回归分析结果显示,PCT ≥ 0.44 μg/L(OR = 2.284、95%CI:1.023~5.354、P = 0.021)、IL-6 ≥ 0.44 ng/L(OR = 6.216、95%CI:1.312~11.624、P = 0.015)、TNF-α ≥ 14.59 ng/L(OR =6.892、95%CI:1.245~9.654、P = 0.001)、胎龄(27周≤ 胎龄< 32周)(OR = 7.004、95%CI:3.654~16.324、P = 0.014)、EOS计数 ≥ 1.5 × 109/L(OR = 5.610、95%CI:1.268~9.021、P = 0.004)以及喂养不耐受(OR = 7.840、95%CI:2.364~11.654、P = 0.002)均为EOS增多患儿发生感染性疾病的影响因素。广义相加模型和曲线拟合分析显示,坏死性小肠结肠炎、败血症、脑膜炎、肺炎和泌尿系统感染发病率均与早产儿EOS计数呈非线性正相关关系,随着EOS计数的升高,早产儿感染性疾病发生率随之增加,差异有统计学意义(P均< 0.05)。

结论

PCT、IL-6、TNF-α、胎龄、EOS计数中重度升高和喂养不耐受均为EOS增多患儿发生感染性疾病的影响因素。坏死性小肠结肠炎、败血症、脑膜炎、肺炎和泌尿系统感染发病率与早产儿EOS计数均呈非线性正相关。

Objective

To explore the clinical characteristics of premature infants with eosinophilia (EOS)increase at different gestational ages, the influencing factors of infectious diseases and the correlation between incidences of different infectious diseases and the degree of EOS increase.

Methods

Total of 232 cases of EOSincreased preterm infants admitted to Leshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from May 2020 to June 2022 were collected, retrospectively.According to the gestational age, the preterm infants were divided into the very preterm group (27 weeks ≤ gestational age < 32 weeks), the middle preterm group (32 weeks ≤ gestational age < 34 weeks) and the late preterm group (34 weeks ≤ gestational age < 37 weeks), which were 50, 58 and 124 cases, respectively.After matching according to 1∶1∶1 tendency, there were 48 cases in every group.Gender, perinatal high maternal factors, pulmonary hemorrhage, cesarean section, antibiotic use, mechanical ventilation, blood transfusion, leukocyte increase, gastrointestinal abnormalities, intrauterine asphyxia,maternal conditions, infectious diseases, multiple fetuses, premature rupture of membranes, gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational hypertension, amniotic fluid contamination, placenta previa, intrauterine infection, feeding intolerance and birth gestational age, birth weight, birth head circumference, birth length,maternal age, gestational age, birth weight, birth head circumference, birth length, procalcitonin (PCT),interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) of the three groups were compared, respectively.According to whether complicated with infectious diseases, 144 matched children were divided into infectious disease group (41 cases) and non-infectious disease group (103 cases).Birth weight, birth head circumference, birth length, cesarean section, multiple births, intrauterine asphyxia, premature rupture of membranes, gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational hypertension, amniotic fluid contamination, placenta previa, intrauterine infection, PCT, IL-6, TNF-α, gestational age and EOS count were compared between the two groups.The influencing factors of infectious diseases in children with increased EOS was analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.The correlation between the increase degree of EOS in preterm infants and incidences of common infectious diseases were analyzed by smooth curve fitting, while the threshold effect were analyzed.

Results

After matched, gestational age (F = 18.633, P < 0.001), birth weight (F = 5.387, P < 0.001),head circumference at birth (F = 4.330, P < 0.001), length at birth (F = 4.708, P < 0.001), cesarean section(χ2 = 8.792, P = 0.012), antibiotic use (χ2 = 13.580, P = 0.001), infectious diseases [necrotizing enterocolitis(χ2 = 6.257, P = 0.043), septicemia (χ2 = 7.412, P = 0.024), meningitis (χ2 = 7.304, P = 0.026), pneumonia(χ2 = 7.304, P = 0.026), urinary system infection (χ2 = 7.412, P = 0.024)], laboratory indicators [PCT (F =13.236, P < 0.001), IL-6 (F = 25.017, P < 0.001), TNF-α (F = 7.948, P = 0.001)] in the very preterm, middle preterm and late preterm groups were significantly different.In infectious disease group, the proportion of cases with PCT ≥ 0.44 μg/L (χ2 = 31.109, P < 0.001), IL-6 ≥ 0.44 ng/L (χ2 = 20.990, P < 0.001), TNF-α ≥ 14.59 ng/L(χ2 = 9.536, P = 0.002), gestational age (27 weeks ≤ 32 weeks) (χ2 = 6.206, P = 0.045), EOS count ≥ 1.5 × 109/L (χ2 = 8.585,P = 0.003) and feeding intolerance (χ2 = 14.107, P < 0.001) were significantly higher than those of noninfectious disease group, with significant differences.Logistic regression analysis showed that PCT ≥ 0.44 μg/L(OR = 2.284, 95%CI: 1.023-5.354, P = 0.021), IL-6 ≥ 0.44 ng/L (OR = 6.216, 95%CI: 1.312-11.624, P =0.015), TNF-α ≥ 14.59 ng/L (OR = 6.892, 95%CI: 1.245-9.654, P = 0.001), gestational age (27 weeks ≤gestational age < 32 weeks) (OR = 7.004, 95%CI: 3.654-16.324, P = 0.014), EOS count ≥ 1.5 × 109/L (OR =5.610, 95%CI: 1.268~9.021, P = 0.004), feeding intolerance (OR = 7.840, 95%CI: 2.364-11.654, P = 0.002)were all influencing factors of infectious diseases in children with increased EOS (all P < 0.05).Generalized addition model and curve fitting showed that the incidence rates of necrotizing enterocolitis, septicemia, meningitis,pneumonia and urinary system infection were non-linear positively related with EOS count of preterm infants;With the increase of EOS count, the incidences of infectious diseases of preterm infants increased, with significant differences (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

PCT, IL-6, TNF-α, gestational age, EOS moderate to severe increase and feeding intolerance were all influencing factors of incidences of infectious diseases in children with EOS increase.Necrotizing enterocolitis, sepsis, meningitis, pneumonia and urinary system infection are all non-linearly positively correlated with EOS count in premature infants.

表1 匹配前后极早产组、中期早产组和晚期早产组EOS 增多早产儿母亲的临床特征
表2 匹配后极早产组、中期早产组和晚期早产组EOS 增多患儿临床资料
临床资料 极早产组(48例) 中期早产组(48例) 晚期早产组(48例) 统计值 P
性别[例(%)] χ2=1.174 0.556
25(52.08) 21(43.75) 20(41.67)
23(47.92) 27(56.25) 28(58.33)
EOS计数(xˉ±s,×109/L) 0.94±0.15 0.96±0.17 0.97±0.17 F=0.418 0.659
胎龄(xˉ±s,周) 28.22±1.21 32.15±2.10 35.36±2.23 F=18.633 <0.001
出生体重(xˉ±s,kg) 1.30±0.27 1.87±0.31 2.34±0.41 F=5.387 <0.001
出生头围(xˉ±s,cm) 26.35±1.39 28.69±1.45 29.57±1.31 F=4.330 <0.001
出生身长(xˉ±s,cm) 37.49±2.67 39.34±2.51 41.39±3.67 F=4.708 <0.001
剖宫产[例(%)] χ2=8.792 0.012
41(85.42) 35(72.92) 28(58.33)
7(14.58) 13(27.08) 20(41.67)
抗菌药物使用[例(%)] χ2=13.580 0.001
45(93.75) 37(77.08) 30(62.50)
3(6.25) 11(22.92) 18(37.50)
机械通气[例(%)] χ2=2.182 0.336
6(12.50) 4(8.33) 2(4.17)
42(87.50) 44(91.67) 46(95.83)
输血[例(%)] χ2=1.524 0.467
8(16.67) 6(12.50) 4(8.33)
40(83.33) 42(87.50) 44(91.67)
白细胞升高[例(%)] χ2=2.523 0.283
17(35.42) 14(29.17) 10(20.83)
31(64.58) 34(70.83) 38(79.17)
胃肠道异常表现[例(%)] χ2=2.156 0.340
14(29.17) 12(25.00) 8(16.67)
34(70.83) 36(75.00) 40(83.33)
宫内窒息[例(%)] χ2=1.853 0.396
4(8.33) 3(6.25) 1(2.08)
44(91.67) 45(93.75) 47(97.92)
肺出血[例(%)] χ2=4.978 0.083
1(2.08) 2(4.17) 6(12.50)
47(97.92) 46(95.83) 42(87.50)
感染性疾病[例(%)]
坏死性小肠结肠炎 8(16.67) 4(8.33) 1(2.08) χ2=6.257 0.043
败血症 6(12.50) 2(4.17) 0(0.00) χ2=7.412 0.024
脑膜炎 5(10.42) 1(2.08) 0(0.00) χ2=7.304 0.026
肺炎 5(10.42) 1(2.08) 0(0.00) χ2=7.304 0.026
泌尿系统感染 6(12.50) 2(4.17) 0(0.00) χ2=7.412 0.024
实验室指标(xˉ±s
PCT(μg/L) 0.56±0.26 0.42±0.23 0.34±0.12 F=13.236 <0.001
IL-6(ng/L) 40.46±10.45 35.74±9.45 26.85±8.74 F=25.017 <0.001
TNF-α(ng/L) 16.74±5.74 14.56±5.24 12.48±4.67 F=7.948 0.001
表3 感染性疾病和非感染性疾病EOS 增多患儿临床特征 [例(%)]
临床特征 感染性疾病患儿(41例) 非感染性疾病患儿(103例) χ2 P
剖宫产 0.441 0.507
28(68.29) 76(73.79)
13(31.71) 27(26.21)
多胎 3.770 0.052
23(56.10) 75(72.82)
18(43.90) 28(27.18)
宫内窒息 2.489 0.115
21(51.22) 38(36.89)
20(48.78) 65(63.11)
胎膜早破 1.153 0.283
9(21.95) 15(14.56)
32(78.05) 88(85.44)
妊娠糖尿病 0.906 0.341
14(34.15) 27(26.21)
27(65.85) 76(73.79)
妊娠高血压 3.799 0.051
26(63.41) 27(26.21)
15(36.59) 76(73.79)
羊水污染 1.687 0.194
5(12.20) 6(5.83)
36(87.80) 97(94.17)
前置胎盘 1.555 0.212
10(24.39) 16(15.53)
31(75.61) 87(84.47)
宫内感染 1.996 0.158
11(26.83) 17(16.50)
30(73.17) 86(83.50)
PCT(μg/L) 31.109 <0.001
≥0.44 31(75.61) 26(25.24)
<0.44 10(24.39) 77(74.76)
IL-6(ng/L) 20.990 <0.001
≥34.35 29(70.73) 30(29.13)
<34.35 12(29.27) 73(70.87)
TNF-α(ng/L) 9.536 0.002
≥14.59 28(68.29) 41(39.81)
<14.59 13(31.71) 62(60.19)
喂养不耐受 14.107 <0.001
14(34.15) 9(8.74)
27(65.85) 94(91.26)
出生体重(kg) 1.774 0.183
>1.5 10(24.39) 37(35.92)
≤1.5 31(75.61) 66(64.08)
出生头围(cm) 0.380 0.538
>28 16(39.02) 46(44.66)
≤28 25(60.98) 57(55.34)
出生身长(cm) 0.979 0.323
>38 15(36.59) 47(45.63)
≤38 26(63.41) 56(54.37)
胎龄(周) 6.206 0.045
27≤胎龄<32 20(48.78) 28(27.18)
32≤胎龄<34 11(26.83) 37(35.92)
34≤胎龄<37 10(24.39) 38(36.90)
EOS计数(×109/L) 8.585 0.003
≥1.5 29(70.73) 45(43.69)
<1.5 12(29.27) 58(56.31)
表4 EOS 增多患儿发生感染性疾病影响因素的Logistic 回归分析
图1 早产儿EOS计数与常见感染性疾病发生概率的平滑曲线拟合图
表5 早产儿EOS 计数与常见感染性疾病发生率的阈值效应分析
感染性疾病 EOS计数 EOS计数增加(×109/L) 感染发生率增加(%) OR 95%CI P
坏死性小肠结肠炎
模型1 直线效应 11.016 5.022~21.015 <0.001
模型2 <0.9×109/L 15.841 0.655~22.984 0.747
(0.9~1.5)×109/L 1 20 20.008 15.645~30.879 <0.001
≥1.5×109/L 1 8 8.005 5.112~12.541 0.012
效应差 9.025 6.154~15.047 <0.001
对数似然比检验 <0.001
败血症
模型1 直线效应 12.004 9.013~16.042 <0.001
模型2 <0.8×109/L 16.824 0.616~21.978 0.654
(0.8~1.2)×109/L 1 20 20.017 15.641~26.874 <0.001
≥1.2×109/L 1 10 10.005 8.854~13.182 0.023
效应差 16.025 12.052~20.053 <0.001
对数似然比检验 <0.001
脑膜炎
模型1 直线效应 5.014 1.541~11.125 <0.001
模型2 <1.1×109/L 21.915 0.946~26.915 0.454
(1.1~2.0)×109/L 1 25 25.140 16.518~30.154 <0.001
≥2.0×109/L 1 6 6.012 3.301~10.871 0.024
效应差 7.015 4.025~12.035 <0.001
对数似然比检验 <0.001
肺炎
模型1 直线效应 6.155 2.241~11.061 <0.001
模型2 <0.6×109/L 12.885 0.789~16.965 0.365
(0.6~1.8)×109/L 1 23 23.032 16.827~28.129 <0.001
≥1.8×109/L 1 10 10.015 7.542~13.295 <0.001
效应差 11.014 6.754~23.041 <0.001
对数似然比检验 <0.001
泌尿系统感染
模型1 直线效应 14.026 8.265~19.154 <0.001
模型2 <0.7×109/L 16.954 0.912~25.924 0.654
(0.7~1.5)×109/L 1 20 20.003 15.718~25.913 <0.001
≥1.5×109/L 1 5 5.002 3.124~8.007 0.042
效应差 10.025 6.015~16.154 <0.001
对数似然比检验 <0.001
[1]
Okamura T, Washio Y, Watanabe H, et al.Association between eosinophilia and late-onset circulatory collapse in preterm infants: A case-control study[J].Acta Med Okayama,2021,75(4):505-509.
[2]
Kuang FL.Approach to patients with eosinophilia[J].Med Clin North Am,2020,104(1):1-14.
[3]
Rosenberg CE, Khoury P.Approach to eosinophilia presenting with pulmonary symptoms[J].Chest,2021,159(2):507-516.
[4]
曹应海, 李姗, 雷旭, 等.肺吸虫病“积分诊断量表”的建立--临床表现联合实验室和影像学检查[J/CD].中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版),2020,14(6):513-517.
[5]
中华医学会儿科学分会新生儿学组,《中华医学会中华儿科杂志》编辑委员会.新生儿败血症诊疗方案[J].中华儿科杂志,2003,41(12):897-899.
[6]
Wechsler ME, Munitz A, Ackerman SJ, et al.Eosinophils in health and disease: A state-of-the-art review[J].Mayo Clin Proc,2021,96(10):2694-2707.
[7]
Jutel M, Agache I, Zemelka-Wiacek M, et al.Nomenclature of allergic diseases and hypersensitivity reactions: Adapted to modern needs: An EAACI position paper[J].Allergy,2023,78(11):2851-2874.
[8]
Satué K, Fazio E, Gardón JC, et al.Contribution of hemogram plan in the horse's clinical evaluation[J].J Equine Vet Sci,2023,126:104292.
[9]
Olbrich P, Ortiz Aljaro P, Freeman AF.Eosinophilia associated with immune deficiency[J].J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract,2022,10(5):1140-1153.
[10]
Dvorak CC, Haddad E, Heimall J, et al.The diagnosis of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID): The Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium (PIDTC) 2022 definitions[J].J Allergy Clin Immunol,2023,151(2):539-546.
[11]
Abuuchi Y, Matsuyama M, Matsumura S, et al.A case of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome who showed eosinophilia and an increased serum TARC/CCL17 level[J].Multidiscip Respir Med,2022,7(2):802.
[12]
Moon CJ, Kwon TH, Lee HS.Portal vein thrombosis and food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis in a premature newborn with hypereosinophilia: a case report[J].BMC Pediatr,2021,21(1):49-56.
[13]
Uncuoğlu A, Aydoğan M, Şimşek IE, et al.A prospective assessment of clinical characteristics and responses to dietary elimination in food protein-induced allergic proctocolitis[J].J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract,2022,10(1):206-214.e1.
[14]
Xu XT, Wang BH, Wang Q, et al.Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome with hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome: A case report and literature review[J].World J Gastrointest Surg,2023,15(7):1532-1541.
[15]
Jiang JY, Fu Y, Ou YJ, et al.Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome induced by tacrolimus following liver transplantation: Three case reports[J].World J Clin Cases,2022,10(36):13408-13417.
[16]
Liu F, Rong X, Guo H, et al.Clinical characteristics, CT signs,and pathological findings of Pyrrolizidine alkaloids-induced sinusoidal obstructive syndrome: a retrospective study[J].BMC Gastroenterol,2020,20(1):30.
[17]
Krishack PA, Hollinger MK, Kuzel TG, et al.IL-33-mediated eosinophilia protects against acute lung injury[J].Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol,2021,64(5):569-578.
[18]
Krishack PA, Louviere TJ, Decker TS, et al.Protection against Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia-induced mortality depends on ILC2s and eosinophils[J].JCI Insight,2019,4(6):e124168.
[19]
Course CW, Kotecha S, Kotecha SJ.Fractional exhaled nitric oxide in preterm-born subjects: A systematic review and Meta-analysis[J].Pediatr Pulmonol,2019,54(5):595-601.
[20]
Cousins M, Hart K, Kotecha SJ, et al.Characterising airway obstructive, dysanaptic and PRISm phenotypes of prematurityassociated lung disease[J].Thorax,2023,78(9):895-903.
[21]
Kim YI, Joo JY, Jung YH, et al.Differentiation of food proteininduced enterocolitis syndrome misleading to necrotizing enterocolitis[J].Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol,2022,128(2):193-198.
[22]
Carranza-Rodríguez C, Escamilla-González M, Fuentes-Corripio I,et al.Helminthosis and eosinophilia in Spain (1990-2015)[J].Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin (Engl Ed),2018,36(2):120-136.
[23]
Stol K, Jans J, Ott de Bruin L, et al.Perinatal infections with ureaplasma[J].Pediatr Infect Dis J,2021,40(5S):S26-S30.
[24]
Lu Y, Zhang ZQ.Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome presenting after necrotizing enterocolitis in a preterm neonate: a case report[J].Transl Pediatr,2021,10(5):1393-1398.
[25]
Hu Y, Hua Z, Liu K, et al.Differentiating clinical characteristics between necrotizing enterocolitis and food protein-induced enterocolitis when both have pneumatosis intestinalis: a single-centre study[J].J Coll Physicians Surg Pak,2022,32(5):646-651.
[1] 王美兰, 高映勤, 肖洋, 李正才, 张婷, 梁燕, 梁燕琪, 刘凯铮, 郭磊. 呼吸道病毒感染过敏性鼻炎患儿的嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白-髓过氧化物酶阳性率检测及联合抗病毒治疗[J/OL]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 327-334.
[2] 刘庆倩, 乔林霞, 曹亦陶, 孙晓君, 黄锋. 新生儿多重耐药菌感染危险因素及超敏C-反应蛋白与白蛋白比值的诊断价值[J/OL]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 335-342.
[3] 吉林霞, 范小春, 梁琴. 胃癌常见术后并发症类型及危险因素研究进展[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(02): 220-223.
[4] 杨培容, 潘刚, 周春霞. 胰腺癌术后胰瘘的危险因素及治疗进展[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(02): 228-230.
[5] 林宇腾, 延敏博, 许家榕, 黄子豪, 汤育新. 输尿管软镜手术术后住院时间的影响因素分析[J/OL]. 中华腔镜泌尿外科杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 41-46.
[6] 张红鹤, 杜亚君, 严华艳, 胡艳萍, 杨春旭, 王倩. 食管裂孔疝发生的危险因素分析[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 92-95.
[7] 李华志, 许臣, 吴永哲. 老年患者经腹腹膜前疝修补术后发生并发症的危险因素分析[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 96-98.
[8] 林凯, 潘勇, 赵高平, 杨春. 造口还纳术后切口疝的危险因素分析与预防策略[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 634-638.
[9] 杨闯, 马雪. 腹壁疝术后感染的危险因素分析[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 693-696.
[10] 曾忠平, 张任玲, 刘静, 张天莎, 艾美梅, 张朋勃. 恶性肿瘤伴急性呼吸衰竭行有创机械通气危险因素分析[J/OL]. 中华肺部疾病杂志(电子版), 2024, 17(06): 991-994.
[11] 余承澍, 刘红枝, 林科灿, 林起柱, 黄霆峰, 周伟平, 程张军, 楼健颖, 郑树国, 毕新宇, 王剑明, 郭伟, 李富宇, 王坚, 郑亚民, 李敬东, 程石, 曾永毅. 肝内胆管细胞癌术后极早期复发的危险因素[J/OL]. 中华肝脏外科手术学电子杂志, 2025, 14(01): 53-59.
[12] 段红良, 赵红梅, 李涛, 辛建锋. 结直肠癌组织SPOCD1表达与临床病理特征及术后复发转移的关系[J/OL]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2025, 15(01): 40-45.
[13] 刘秀萍, 梁志海. 儿童嗜酸粒细胞性胃肠道疾病临床特点及诊断[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(11): 1012-1018.
[14] 颜世锐, 熊辉. 感染性心内膜炎合并急性肾损伤患者的危险因素探索及死亡风险预测[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(07): 618-624.
[15] 吴婷婷, 张薇, 何雅琪, 沈海清, 路敬叶, 张艳. 老年缺血性脑卒中患者早发型卒中后认知障碍发生情况及其影响因素分析[J/OL]. 中华脑血管病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 573-579.
阅读次数
全文


摘要