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中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (05) : 270 -277. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2024.05.003

论著

单纯慢性乙型肝炎患者与慢性乙型肝炎合并肝脂肪变患者的临床特征横断面研究
刘莉莉1, 贾建茹2, 张晶1, 周大琼1, 刘江雨1, 曹振环1,()   
  1. 1.100069 北京,首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院肝三科
    2.071030 保定市,保定市人民医院
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-20 出版日期:2024-10-15
  • 通信作者: 曹振环
  • 基金资助:
    首都卫生发展科研专项(No. 2024-1-2182)扬帆计划——临床技术创新项目(No. XMLX202125)首都医科大学基础临床联合实验室基金(No. SYLH2023-04)北京市高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目(No. 03-23)

Clinical characteristics between patients with chronic hepatitis B alone and chronic hepatitis B complicated with hepatic steatosis:a cross-sectional study

Lili Liu1, Jianru Jia2, Jing Zhang1, Daqiong Zhou1, Jiangyu Liu1, Zhenhuan Cao1,()   

  1. 1.The Third Unit, Department of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
    2.Baoding People's Hospital, Baoding 071030, China
  • Received:2024-03-20 Published:2024-10-15
  • Corresponding author: Zhenhuan Cao
引用本文:

刘莉莉, 贾建茹, 张晶, 周大琼, 刘江雨, 曹振环. 单纯慢性乙型肝炎患者与慢性乙型肝炎合并肝脂肪变患者的临床特征横断面研究[J]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(05): 270-277.

Lili Liu, Jianru Jia, Jing Zhang, Daqiong Zhou, Jiangyu Liu, Zhenhuan Cao. Clinical characteristics between patients with chronic hepatitis B alone and chronic hepatitis B complicated with hepatic steatosis:a cross-sectional study[J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2024, 18(05): 270-277.

目的

探讨单纯慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者和合并不同程度肝脂肪变(HS)患者的临床特征。

方法

收集2008年2月至2023年1月在首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院就诊的1 393例CHB患者的临床资料。根据肝脏瞬时弹性成像的控制衰减参数(CAP)值将患者分为4组:单纯CHB组(740例)、轻度HS-CHB组(201例)、中度HS-CHB组(235例)和重度HS-CHB组(217例)。比较各组患者乙型肝炎病毒学特征和血生化特征。计量资料以中位数(四分位数)表示,多组整体比较采用Kruskal-Wallis检验,组间两两比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验;计数资料以例数(%)表示,采用Pearson χ2检验进行比较。

结果

轻度、中度和重度HS-CHB组患者的年龄(Z =-4.086、-5.747、-6.958,P均< 0.001)及男性比例(χ2 = 22.370、40.120、37.777,P均< 0.001)均高于单纯CHB组患者,差异具有统计学意义。单纯CHB组、轻度HS-CHB组、中度HS-CHB组和重度HS-CHB组患者的HBV表面抗原(HBsAg)(H = 21.532、P < 0.001)、HBV DNA水平(H = 28.227、P < 0.001)及HBV e抗原(HBeAg)阳性率(χ2 = 24.311、P < 0.001)差异均具有统计学意义;其中,中度和重度HS-CHB组患者的HBsAg、HBV DNA水平及HBeAg阳性率均低于单纯CHB组患者(P均< 0.05)。血生化指标中,单纯CHB组及轻度、中度和重度HS-CHB组患者丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)水平差异无统计学意义(P均> 0.05);但4组患者γ-谷氨酰转移酶(GGT)(H = 53.619、P < 0.001)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)(H = 53.619、P < 0.001)、白蛋白(ALB)(H = 23.339、P < 0.001)、总胆红素(TBil)(H = 13.907、P = 0.003)和空腹血糖(FBG)(H = 84.403、P < 0.001)水平差异有统计学意义,其中轻度、中度和重度HS-CHB组患者GGT、ALP和FBG水平均显著高于单纯CHB组患者,差异均具有统计学意义(P均< 0.05)。4组患者的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)(H = 20.993、P < 0.001)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)(H = 39.718、P < 0.001)、小密度低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(sdLDL-C)(H =76.613、P < 0.001)、总胆固醇(TC)(H = 18.263、P < 0.001)和甘油三酯(TG)(H = 103.477、P < 0.001)水平差异亦具有统计学意义,其中中度和重度HS-CHB组患者的LDL-C、sdLDL-C、TC和TG水平均显著高于单纯CHB组患者,而HDL-C水平则显著低于单纯CHB组患者,差异有统计学意义(P均< 0.05)。

结论

合并HS的CHB患者通常年龄较大且男性居多。较单纯CHB患者,合并HS的CHB患者的乙型肝炎病毒学指标降低,代谢指标升高。

Objective

To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB) alone and those with different degrees of hepatic steatosis (HS).

Methods

Clinical data of 1 393 patients with CHB attending Beijing You’an Hospital, Capital Medical University from February 2008 to January 2023 were collected. Patients were divided into four groups based on the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) values of liver transient elastography:CHB alone group (740 cases), mild HS-CHB group(201 cases), moderate HS-CHB group (235 cases) and severe HS-CHB group (217 cases). The hepatitis B virological and biochemical characteristics among the four groups were compared. Continuous variables were presented as median (interquartile range), with overall group comparisons by Kruskal-Wallis test and pairwise comparisons by Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables are presented as number (%), with comparisons performed by Pearson χ2 test.

Results

Age (Z =-4.086, -5.747, -6.958; all P < 0.001)and proportion of males (χ2 = 22.370, 40.120, 37.777; all P < 0.001) were significantly higher in patients with mild, moderate and severe HS-CHB compared to those with CHB alone. Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) (H = 21.532, P < 0.001), HBV DNA level (H = 28.227, P < 0.001), and hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg) positivity rates (χ2 = 24.311, P < 0.001) among CHB alone patients, and patients with mild,moderate and severe HS-CHB were statistically significant. HBsAg, HBV DNA level and HBeAg positivity rate were significantly lower of patients in moderate and severe HS-CHB groups compared to those with CHB alone (all P < 0.05). Regarding biochemical markers, the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) among patients with CHB alone and those with mild, moderate and severe HS-CHB were not significantly different (all P > 0.05). However, the levels of γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT)(H = 53.619, P < 0.001), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (H = 53.619, P < 0.001), albumin (ALB) (H = 23.339,P < 0.001), total bilirubin (TBil) (H = 13.907, P = 0.003) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) (H = 84.403,P < 0.001) were significantly different; GGT, ALP and FBG levels were significantly higher of patients with mild, moderate, and severe HS-CHB compared to those with CHB alone (all P < 0.05). The levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (H = 20.993, P < 0.001), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) (H = 39.718, P < 0.001), small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) (H = 76.613,P < 0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (H = 18.263, P < 0.001) and triglycerides (TG) (H = 103.477, P < 0.001)were statistically significant among the four groups; LDL-C, sdLDL-C, TC and TG levels were significantly higher in patients with moderate and severe HS-CHB compared to those with CHB alone, while HDL-C levels were significantly lower (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Patients with HS-CHB are generally older and predominantly male. Compared to those with CHB alone, patients with HS-CHB have lower HBV virological indicators and higher metabolic indicators.

图1 单纯CHB组患者与不同程度HS-CHB组患者的HBsAg水平和HBV DNA水平散点图
表1 单纯CHB 组和HS-CHB 组患者的临床特征及病毒学特征
图2 单纯CHB组患者与不同程度HS-CHB组患者的HBsAg和HBV DNA水平分布的柱状图 注:A:在不同组别患者中,不同HBsAg水平(< 100 IU/ml,100~1 000 IU/ml,> 1 000 IU/ml)患者的比例;B:在不同组别患者中,不同HBV DNA水平(< 100 IU/ml,100~2 000 IU/ml,> 2 000 IU/ml)患者的比例
表2 单纯CHB 组和HS-CHB 组患者的血生化指标 [M(P25,P75)]
组别 例数 ALT(U/L) AST(U/L) GGT(U/L) ALP(U/L)
单纯CHB组 740 29.00(18.00,64.10) 27.60(21.70,48.00) 19.00(13.00,33.00) 68.80(58.70,84.40)
轻度HS-CHB组 201 30.55(20.00,65.75) 27.00(22.00,46.78) 24.00(16.00,39.98) 75.00(62.33,89.75)
中度HS-CHB组 235 30.25(21.00,57.25) 27.00(22.00,38.00) 24.00(17.00,37.00) 76.50(63.90,92.00)
重度HS-CHB组 217 31.95(21.00,55.83) 26.70(22.00,38.10) 28.00(19.75,41.00) 74.50(61.93,92.25)
H 3.242 2.503 53.619 20.899
P 0.356 0.475 <0.001 <0.001
组别 例数 ALB(g/L) TBil(umol/L) FPG(mmol/L) LDL-C(mmol/L)
单纯CHB组 740 46.00(44.20,47.60) 15.60(11.80,19.60) 5.03(4.76,5.35) 2.62(2.15,3.13)
轻度HS-CHB组 201 46.10(44.33,48.10) 16.50(13.00,22.45) 5.18(4.82,5.57) 2.71(2.28,3.39)
中度HS-CHB组 235 46.65(44.88,48.35) 16.30(13.18,21.20) 5.33(5.02,5.60) 2.90(2.38,3.29)
重度HS-CHB组 217 46.85(45.18,48.53) 16.60(13.18,20.95) 5.35(5.03,5.75) 2.88(2.40,3.38)
H 23.339 13.907 84.403 20.993
P <0.001 0.003 <0.001 <0.001
组别 例数 HDL-C(mmol/L) sdLDL-C(mmol/L) TC(mmol/L) TG(mmol/L)
单纯CHB组 740 1.21(0.96,1.45) 0.56(0.41,0.74) 4.38(3.78,4.96) 0.92(0.71,1.18)
轻度HS-CHB组 201 1.07(0.91,1.36) 0.71(0.50,0.93) 4.38(3.98,5.04) 1.12(0.81,1.41)
中度HS-CHB组 235 1.10(0.93,1.33) 0.69(0.51,0.96) 4.69(4.03,5.23) 1.19(0.90,1.58)
重度HS-CHB组 217 0.99(0.88,1.13) 0.89(0.63,1.16) 4.61(4.12,5.30) 1.34(1.09,2.01)
H 39.718 76.613 18.263 103.477
P <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
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