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中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (05) : 317 -322. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2021.05.005

论著

485例妊娠合并梅毒孕妇妊娠结局及母婴阻断疗效
卫雅娴1, 李丽1,(), 王夫川1, 付丽华1, 周明书1, 李振华1, 王文静1   
  1. 1. 100015 北京,首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院妇产科
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-27 出版日期:2021-10-15
  • 通信作者: 李丽

Pregnancy outcome and maternal infant blocking effect of 485 pregnant women with syphilis

Yaxian Wei1, Li Li1,(), Fuchuan Wang1, Lihua Fu1, Mingshu Zhou1, Zhenhua Li1, Wenjing Wang1   

  1. 1. Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing 100015, China
  • Received:2020-12-27 Published:2021-10-15
  • Corresponding author: Li Li
引用本文:

卫雅娴, 李丽, 王夫川, 付丽华, 周明书, 李振华, 王文静. 485例妊娠合并梅毒孕妇妊娠结局及母婴阻断疗效[J]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2021, 15(05): 317-322.

Yaxian Wei, Li Li, Fuchuan Wang, Lihua Fu, Mingshu Zhou, Zhenhua Li, Wenjing Wang. Pregnancy outcome and maternal infant blocking effect of 485 pregnant women with syphilis[J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2021, 15(05): 317-322.

目的

探讨梅毒感染孕妇经规范母婴阻断治疗后,对自身梅毒感染及围产儿结局的影响。

方法

以2015年1月1日至2020年6月30日于首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院产科分娩,以诊断为妊娠期合并梅毒的485对孕妇及其娩出新生儿作为研究对象。根据孕母分娩前梅毒TRUST滴度分为TRUST≥ 1︰16组(高滴度)100例和TRUST ≤ 1︰8组(低滴度)385例。根据孕期是否规范驱梅治疗将患者分为规范治疗组(405例)和未规范治疗组(80例);采用Pearson卡方检验、连续校正卡方检验或Fisher’s确切概率法比较各组孕妇及新生儿TRUST滴度以及母婴不良结局(早产、低出生体重儿、胎死宫内或新生儿死亡、出生缺陷、新生儿感染、宫内窘迫、新生儿窒息以及先天梅毒儿)。

结果

与TRUST ≤ 1︰8组相比,TRUST≥ 1︰16组新生儿先天梅毒发生率为12.0%(12/100)和0%(0/385)(χ2 = 47.372、P < 0.001),出生缺陷发生率为17%(17/100)和1.7%(6/385)(χ2 = 41.9、P < 0.001),早产发生率为13.0%(13/100)和5.1%(20/385)(χ2 = 7.626、P = 0.009),新生儿感染发生率为39.0%(39/100)和2.7%(10/385)(χ2 = 115.82、P < 0.001),低出生体重儿发生率为6.0%(6/100)和1.3%(5/385)(χ2 = 7.915,P = 0.013),差异均有统计学意义。规范治疗组与未规范治疗组相比,孕妇TRUST滴度较治疗前下降率为68.0%(276/405)和33.3%(27/80)(χ2 = 33.717、P < 0.001),新生儿出生时TRUST滴度阴性率为57.8%(235/405)和28.6%(23/80)(χ2 = 22.995、P < 0.001),早产发生率为5.10%(21/405)和14.3%(12/80)(χ2 = 10.148、P = 0.003),低出生体重儿发生率为1.48%(6/405)和6.25%(5/80)(χ2 = 6.853、P = 0.022),出生缺陷发生率为1.7%(7/405)和20.0%(16/80)(χ2 = 45.409、P < 0.001),新生儿感染发生率为1.4%(6/405)和53.7%(43/80)(χ2 = 200.948、P < 0.001),先天梅毒感染率为0%(0/405)和15%(12/80)(χ2 = 56.23、P < 0.001),差异均有统计学意义。

结论

分娩前孕母血清TRUST滴度越高,新生儿出生缺陷、先天性梅毒、新生儿感染、早产、低出生体重儿发生率越高,而孕期规范的药物治疗可有效治疗孕期梅毒,妊娠结局良好,并显著改善新生儿结局。

Objective

To investigate the effect of maternal syphilis infection and perinatal outcome after standardized mother-to-child block treatment.

Methods

Total of 485 pregnant women and their newborns diagnosed as complicated syphilis during pregnancy were recruited from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 1st, 2015 and June 30th, 2020. The 485 pregnant women were classified to TRUST ≥ 1︰16 group (100 cases with high titre) and TRUST ≤ 1︰8 group (385 cases with low titre) according to TRUST titre of syphilis before delivery. While the 485 pregnant women were divided to standardized treatment group (405 cases) and unstandardized treatment group (80 cases) according to whether received standard treatment of syphilis or not. TRUST titers in pregnant women and newborns, and adverse outcomes (preterm delivery, low birthweight infants, intrauterine or neonatal death, birth defects, neonatal infection, intrauterine distress, neonatal asphyxia, congenital syphilis) of mother and infants were analyzed by Pearson chi-square test, continuous-corrected chi-square test or Fisher’s exact probability method.

Results

For the cases in TRUST ≥ 1︰16 group, the incidence of congenital syphilis in newborns were 12.0% (12/100) and 0% (0/385) (χ2 = 47.372, P < 0.001), the incidence of birth defects were 17% (17/100) and 1.7% (6/385) (χ2 = 41.9, P < 0.001), the incidence of preterm birth were 13.0% (13/100) and 5.1% (20/385) (χ2 = 7.626, P = 0.009), the incidence of neonatal infection were 39.0% (39/100) and 2.7% (10/385) (χ2 = 115.82, P < 0.001), the incidence of low birth weight infants was 6.0% (6/100) and 1.3% (5/385) (χ2 = 7.915, P = 0.013) compared to those of TRUST ≥ 1︰8 group, all with significant differences. The cases in standardized treatment group compared to those of unstandardized treatment group, the decrease of pregnant TRUST titers compared to pretreatment were 68.0% (276/405) and 33.3% (27/80) (χ2 = 33.717, P < 0.001), the negative rate of TRUST titer at birth were 57.8% (235/405) and 28.6% (23/80) (χ2 = 22.995, P < 0.001), the incidence of preterm birth were 5.10% (21/405) and 14.3% (12/80) (χ2 = 10.148, P = 0.003), the incidence of low-weight infants were 1.48% (6/405) and 6.25% (5/80) (χ2 = 6.853, P = 0.022), the incidence of birth defects were 1.7% (7/405) and 20.0% (16/80) (χ2 = 45.409, P < 0.001), the incidence of neonatal infection were 1.4% (6/405) and 53.7% (43/80) (χ2 = 200.948, P < 0.001), the innate syphilis infection rate were 0% (0/405) and 15% (12/80) (χ2 = 56.23, P < 0.001), all with significant differences.

Conclusions

The higher the maternal serum TRUST titer before birth, the higher incidences of neonatal birth defects, congenital syphilis, neonatal infection, premature birth, and low birthweight children; standard drug treatment during pregnancy could effectively treat syphilis during pregnancy, patients could obtain good pregnancy outcomes and neonatal outcomes.

表1 各组孕妇一般资料
表2 分娩前血清TRUST≤ 1︰8组和TRUST≥ 1︰16组孕母新生儿结局[例(%)]
表3 孕期规范治疗组和未规范治疗组孕妇及新生儿TRUST滴度[例(%)]
表4 规范治疗组与未规范治疗组孕母的不良结局[例(%)]
表5 规范治疗组与未规范治疗组新生儿不良结局[例(%)]
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