| [1] | Meyyur Aravamudan V, Khan SR, Hussain I. Clostridium difficile Infection in liver cirrhosis carries a higher risk of mortality: A comprehensive literature review[J]. cureus,2019,11(8):e5463. | 
																													
																						| [2] | Bartlett JG, Chang TW, Gurwith M, et al. Antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis due to toxin-producing clostridia[J]. N Engl J Med,1978,298(10):531-534. | 
																													
																						| [3] | Bartlett JG. Clinical practice. Antibiotic-associated diarrhea[J]. N Engl J Med,2002,346(5):334-339. | 
																													
																						| [4] | Crobach MJ, Planche T, Eckert C, et al. European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases: update of the diagnostic guidance document for Clostridium difficile infection[J]. Clin Microbiol Infect,2016,22(Suppl 4):S63-S81. | 
																													
																						| [5] | Leffler DA, Lamont JT. Clostridium difficile infection[J]. N Engl J Med,2015,372(16):1539-1548. | 
																													
																						| [6] | Jin K, Wang S, Huang Z, et al. Clostridium difficile infections in China[J]. J Biomed Res,2010,24(6):411-416. | 
																													
																						| [7] | 徐英春, 张曼. 中国成人艰难梭菌感染诊断和治疗专家共识[J]. 协和医学杂志,2017,8(2):131-138. | 
																													
																						| [8] | Tang C, Cui L, Xu Y, et al. The incidence and drug resistance of Clostridium difficile infection in Mainland China: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Sci Rep,2016,6:37865. | 
																													
																						| [9] | Mavros MN, Alexiou VG, Vardakas KZ, et al. Underestimation of Clostridium difficile infection among clinicians: an international survey[J]. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis,2012,31(9):2439-2444. | 
																													
																						| [10] | Vanjak D, Girault G, Branger C, et al. Risk factors for Clostridium difficile infection in a hepatology ward[J]. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol,2017,28(2):202-204. | 
																													
																						| [11] | Bajaj JS, Ananthakrishnan AN, Hafeezullah M, et al. Clostridium difficile is associated with poor outcomes in patients with cirrhosis: A national and tertiary center perspective[J]. Am J Gastroenterol, 2010 ,105(1):106-113. | 
																													
																						| [12] | Pop A, Procopet B, Stefanescu H, et al. Clostridium difficile screening in cirrhosis: one for all, or some for one?[J]. Dig Dis Sci,2015,60(12):3825-3826. | 
																													
																						| [13] | Asempa TE, Nicolau DP. Clostridium difficile infection in the elderly: an update on management[J]. Clin Interv Aging,2017,12:1799-1809. | 
																													
																						| [14] | Căruntu FA, Gheorghiță V. Clostridium difficile infection in hospitalized cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy[J]. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis,2016,25(1):120-121. | 
																													
																						| [15] | Yan D, Huang YD, Chen YB, et al. Risk factors for Clostridium difficile infection in cirrhotic patients[J]. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int,2019,;18(3):237-241. | 
																													
																						| [16] | Garcia-Tsao G, Lim JK. Management and treatment of patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension: recommendations from the Department of Veterans Affairs Hepatitis C Resource Center Program and the National Hepatitis C Program[J]. Am J Gastroenterol, 2019,104(7):1802-1829. | 
																													
																						| [17] | Brown MR, Jones G, Nash KL, et al. Antibiotic prophylaxis in variceal hemorrhage: timing, effective-ness and Clostridium difficile rates[J]. World J Gastroenterol,2010,16(42): 5317-5323. | 
																													
																						| [18] | Dultz G, Piiper A, Zeuzem S, et al. Proton pump inhibitor treatment is associated with the severity of liver disease and increased mortality in patients with cirrhosis[J]. Aliment Pharmacol Ther,2015,41(5):459-466. | 
																													
																						| [19] | Smith EZ, Northup PG, Argo CK. Predictors of mortality in cirrhosis inpatients with Clostridium difficile infection[J]. J Clin Gastroenterol, 2018,52(8):747-751. | 
																													
																						| [20] | 庞君丽, 崔恩博, 曲芬. 肝硬化消化道出血合并艰难梭菌感染1例[J]. 传染病信息,2015,28(4):244-245. | 
																													
																						| [21] | Saha S, Khanna S. Management of Clostridioides difficile colitis: insights for the gastroenterologist[J]. Therap Adv Gastroenterol,2019;12:1-15. | 
																													
																						| [22] | Olmedo M, Reigadas E, Valerio M, et al. Is it reasonable to perform fecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection in patients with liver cirrhosis?[J]. Rev Esp Quimioter,2019,32(2):205-207. | 
																													
																						| [23] | Bajaj JS, Ananthakrishnan AN, Hafeezullah M, et al. Clostridium difficile is associated with poor outcomes in patients with cirrhosis: a national and tertiary center perspective[J]. Am J Gastroenterol, 2010,105(1):106-113. | 
																													
																						| [24] | Smith EZ, Northup PG, Argo CK. Predictors of mortality in cirrhosis inpatients with Clostridium difficile infection[J]. J Clin Gastroenterol,2018,52(8):747-751. | 
																													
																						| [25] | Hong SJ, Feuerstadt P, Brandt LJ. MELD is the only predictor of short-term mortality in cirrhotic patients with C. difficile infection[J]. Dig Liver Dis,2019,51(2):275-280. | 
																													
																						| [26] | Kruger AJ, Durkin C, Mumtaz K, et al. Early readmission predicts increased mortality in cirrhosis patients after Clostridium difficile infection[J]. J Clin Gastroenterol,2019,53(8):e322-e327., | 
																													
																						| [27] | Fehér C, Mensa J. A comparison of current guidelines of five international societies on Clostridium difficile infection management[J]. Infect Dis Ther,2016,5(3):207-230. | 
																													
																						| [28] | Saab S, Alper T, Sernas E, et al. Hospitalized patients with cirrhosis should be screened for Clostridium difficile colitis[J]. Dig Dis Sci,2015,60(10):3124-3129. |