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中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (04) : 214 -220. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2026.04.003

专家共识

病毒性肝衰竭继发感染诊治专家共识
国家传染病医学中心, 北京医师协会器官移植专科医师分会   
  • 收稿日期:2026-06-07 出版日期:2026-08-15
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2023YFC2308805)

Expert consensus on diagnosis and management of secondary infections in viral liver failure

National Center for Infectious Diseases, Organ Transplant Specialist Physician Branch of the Beijing Medical Doctor Association   

  • Received:2026-06-07 Published:2026-08-15
引用本文:

国家传染病医学中心, 北京医师协会器官移植专科医师分会. 病毒性肝衰竭继发感染诊治专家共识[J/OL]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(04): 214-220.

National Center for Infectious Diseases, Organ Transplant Specialist Physician Branch of the Beijing Medical Doctor Association. Expert consensus on diagnosis and management of secondary infections in viral liver failure[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2026, 20(04): 214-220.

病毒性肝衰竭是由多种嗜肝病毒(甲、乙、丙、丁和戊型肝炎病毒等)引起,以大量肝细胞坏死为主要病理基础,以黄疸、凝血功能障碍、肝肾综合征、肝性脑病、腹水等为主要表现的一组临床症候群,28天病死率高达40%。其中乙型肝炎导致的肝衰竭以慢加急性肝衰竭(ACLF)为主。病毒性肝衰竭患者免疫功能严重受损,极易继发感染,导致患者病情恶化、多器官功能衰竭甚至死亡。及时、准确地诊断和治疗肝衰竭继发感染,对改善患者预后至关重要。本共识对病毒性肝衰竭定义、分类、继发感染及诊疗进行阐述,为其诊断和治疗提供指导。

Viral liver failure is a group of clinical syndromes caused by various hepatotropic viruses (such as hepatitis A, B, C, D and E virus), characterized by massive hepatocyte necrosis as the main pathological basis, and manifested by jaundice, coagulation dysfunction, hepatorenal syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy and ascites, etc. The 28-day mortality rate is as high as 40%. Liver failure caused by hepatitis B virus is mainly acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Patients with viral liver failure have severely impaired immune function and are extremely prone to secondary infections, which may lead to deterioration of the patient’s condition, multiple organ failure, even death. Timely and accurate diagnosis and treatment of secondary infections are crucial to improving the prognosis of patients. This consensus elaborates on the diagnosis and treatment measures related to secondary infections for viral liver failure from four aspects: the definition and classification of viral liver failure, diagnosis and treatment of secondary infections in viral liver failure, and providing a reliable theoretical basis for their diagnosis and treatment.

表1 共识推荐意见推荐等级与证据质量(GRADE分级)
表2 病毒性肝衰竭类型及定义
表3 AARC评分表
表4 COSSH评分表
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