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中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (05) : 307 -311. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2025.05.007

短篇论著

人乳头瘤病毒感染相关子宫颈上皮内瘤样病变3级活检后病变消退影响因素
郝建珍1, 易为2,(), 栾艳秋1, 苏秋梅1, 黄卉1   
  1. 1 100007 北京,北京市东城区妇幼保健院妇产科
    2 100015 北京,首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院妇产科
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-02 出版日期:2025-10-15
  • 通信作者: 易为

Influencing factors of post-biopsy regression of human papillomavirus-associated cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3

Jianzhen Hao1, Wei Yi2,(), Yanqiu Luan1, Qiumei Su1, Hui Huang1   

  1. 1 Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Maternal and Children’s Healthcare Hospital of Beijing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100007 , China
    2 Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
  • Received:2025-01-02 Published:2025-10-15
  • Corresponding author: Wei Yi
引用本文:

郝建珍, 易为, 栾艳秋, 苏秋梅, 黄卉. 人乳头瘤病毒感染相关子宫颈上皮内瘤样病变3级活检后病变消退影响因素[J/OL]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(05): 307-311.

Jianzhen Hao, Wei Yi, Yanqiu Luan, Qiumei Su, Hui Huang. Influencing factors of post-biopsy regression of human papillomavirus-associated cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(05): 307-311.

目的

探讨人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染相关子宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(CIN)3级活检后病变消退的发生率及其影响因素。

方法

回顾性分析2016年1月1日至2024年12月31日北京市东城区妇幼保健院行阴道镜活检诊断CIN3并行冷刀锥切术的240例患者临床资料。锥切病理≤ CIN1定义为CIN3病变消退,根据CIN3病变是否消退将病例分为消退组(63例)和未消退组(177例)。比较两组患者年龄、孕产次、宫颈病变累及象限数、活检点数、活检-锥切间隔时间、是否绝经,避孕方式、学历、内科并发症、细胞学及HPV筛查结果、阴道镜下转化区类型以及是否进行宫颈管搔刮等。应用多因素Logistic回归分析CIN3病变消退的影响因素。

结果

CIN3活检后病变消退率为26.3%(63/240)。较未消退组,消退组患者细胞学高级别病变占比更低(χ2=12.671、P < 0.001)、三型转化区占比更低(χ2=5.002、P=0.025)、病变累及象限更少(t=3.553、P=0.001)、活检-锥切间隔更长(t=-2.250、P=0.027),差异均有统计学意义。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:细胞学高级别病变(OR=0.297、95%CI:0.130~0.679、P=0.004)和多象限受累(OR=0.661、95%CI:0.455~0.962、P=0.030)均为CIN3病变消退的影响因素。

结论

细胞学低级别(≤低级别鳞状上皮内病变)和病变局限(≤ 2象限)的CIN3患者活检后病变更易消退。

Objective

To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of lesion regression after biopsy of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3) associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 240 patients who underwent colposcopic biopsy, diagnosed as CIN3 and subsequent cold knife conization at Maternal and Children’s Healthcare Hospital of Beijing Dongcheng District from January 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2024. Cone pathology ≤ CIN1 was defined as CIN3 lesion regression; patients were divided into regression group (63 cases) and non-regression group (177 cases) based on whether CIN3 lesions regressed. Age, gravidity and parity, number of cervical quadrants involved, number of biopsies obtained, biopsy-conization interval, menopausal status, contraceptive methods, educational level, medical comorbidities, cytology and HPV screening results, types of transformation zone and performance of endocervical curettage (ECC) between two groups were compared, respectively. The influencing factors of CIN3 lesion regression were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis.

Results

The regression rate of CIN3 lesions after biopsy was 26.3% (63/240). Compared with non-regression group, patients in regression group had lower proportion of high-grade cytological lesions (χ2=12.671, P < 0.001), lower proportion of type 3 transformation zones (χ2=5.002, P=0.025), fewer involved quadrants (t=3.553, P=0.001) and longer biopsy-conization interval (t=-2.250, P=0.027), all with significant differences. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that high-grade cytological lesions (OR=0.297, 95%CI: 0.130-0.679, P=0.004) and multi-quadrant involvement (OR=0.661, 95%CI: 0.455-0.962, P=0.030) were independent influencing factors for CIN3 lesion regression.

Conclusions

CIN3 patients with low-grade cytology (≤ low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion) and localized lesions (≤ 2 quadrants) are more likely to experience lesion regression after biopsy.

表1 240例CIN3病变患者的人口统计学及病理指标
表2 消退组与未消退组CIN3病变患者的临床资料
指标 消退组(63例) 未消退组(177例) 统计量 P
年龄(
±s,岁)
39.27±10.24 39.86±9.39 t=0.417 0.677
初次性生活年龄(
±s,岁)
23.82±4.48 23.56±3.60 t=-0.415 0.679
妊娠次数 [MP25P75),次] 2(1,3) 2(1,3) t=-1.077 0.282
分娩次数 [MP25P75),次] 1(1,2) 1(1,2) t=-1.341 0.181
学历高中及以下 [例(%)] 32(50.8) 81(45.8) χ2=0.472a 0.492
吸烟 [例(%)] 5(7.9) 20(11.3) χ2=0.563a 0.453
绝经 [例(%)] 9(14.3) 28(15.8) χ2=0.084a 0.772
使用IUD [例(%)] 6(9.5) 33(18.6) χ2=5.661a 0.129
并发症 [例(%)]
术前细菌性阴道炎 2(3.2) 9(5.1) χ2=0.087b 0.769
糖尿病/空腹血糖受损 1(1.6) 7(4.0) χ2=0.240b 0.624
高血压 2(3.2) 8(4.5) χ2=0.008b 0.927
贫血 1(16.0) 4(2.3) χ2=0.000b 1.000
宫颈筛查及阴道镜 [例(%)]
HPV16+ 36(57.1) 97(54.8) χ2=1.100a 0.577
hrHPV混合感染 10(15.9) 38(21.5) χ2=0.909a 0.340
细胞学高级病变* [例(%)] 8(12.7) 67(37.9) χ2=12.671a < 0.001
TZ3 [例(%)] 20(31.7) 85(40.8) χ2=5.002a 0.025
活检行ECC [例(%)] 38(60.3) 107(60.5) χ2=0.000a 0.985
病理
累及象限数 [MP25P75),个] 2(1,2) 2(2,3) t=3.553 0.001
活检点数 [MP25P75),个] 4(3,4) 4(3,5) t=1.802 0.073
活检-锥切间隔 [MP25P75),d] 50(27,82) 38(26,65) t=-2.250 0.027
表3 CIN3活检后病变消退的多因素Logistic回归分析
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