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中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (02) : 99 -104. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2021.02.005

所属专题: 文献

论著

新型冠状病毒肺炎患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群变化
陈惠丽1, 刘曦1,(), 黄珊凤1, 邵迪1, 夏瑾瑜1   
  1. 1. 519000 珠海市,中山大学附属第五医院感染病防治中心
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-12 出版日期:2021-04-15
  • 通信作者: 刘曦
  • 基金资助:
    广东省科技创新战略专项(No. 2020B111105001); 国家重点研发计划项目(No. 2020YFC0842400)

T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of patients with coronavirus disease 2019

Huili Chen1, Xi Liu1,(), Shanfeng Huang1, Di Shao1, Jinyu Xia1   

  1. 1. Infectious Diseases Prevention and Treatment Center, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
  • Received:2020-05-12 Published:2021-04-15
  • Corresponding author: Xi Liu
引用本文:

陈惠丽, 刘曦, 黄珊凤, 邵迪, 夏瑾瑜. 新型冠状病毒肺炎患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群变化[J]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2021, 15(02): 99-104.

Huili Chen, Xi Liu, Shanfeng Huang, Di Shao, Jinyu Xia. T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of patients with coronavirus disease 2019[J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2021, 15(02): 99-104.

目的

探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群水平及其临床意义。

方法

选择2020年1月至2020年3月中山大学附属第五医院感染科收治的93例COVID-19患者为研究组,随机选取2019年4月至2020年3月本院健康随访者92例为对照组,比较两组研究对象外周血白细胞、淋巴细胞、CD3+ T、CD4+ T和CD8+ T淋巴细胞水平。根据《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第七版)》中的临床分型标准,将COVID-19患者分为轻型、普通型、重型和危重型,分别比较各组患者入院时和入院治疗2周时外周血白细胞、淋巴细胞、CD3+ T、CD4+ T及CD8+ T淋巴细胞水平,采用Spearman相关系数检验分析以上各指标与疾病严重程度的相关性。

结果

COVID-19患者外周血中淋巴细胞(t = 3.94、P < 0.001)、CD3+ T(t = 3.33、P = 0.001)、CD4+ T(t = 3.73、P < 0.001)、CD8+ T(t = 2.18、P = 0.031)淋巴细胞计数显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义;COVID-19患者外周血中白细胞[(5.38 ± 2.97)× 109/L]较对照组[(5.92 ± 1.16)× 109/L]降低,但差异无统计学意义(t = 1.23、P = 0.222)。入院治疗2周时COVID-19患者白细胞计数较入院时显著升高(5.90 ± 1.96)× 109/L vs. (5.38 ± 2.97)× 109/L,差异有统计学意义(t = -3.47、P = 0.001),而淋巴细胞、T淋巴细胞亚群较入院时差异均无统计学意义(P均> 0.05)。入院时外周血白细胞、T淋巴细胞、CD3+ T、CD4+ T、CD8+ T细胞计数水平在不同严重程度患者间存在差异,且与疾病严重程度呈负相关(P均< 0.05);治疗2周时不同临床分型患者外周血T淋巴细胞、CD3+ T、CD8+ T细胞计数水平多组间差异有统计学意义,亦与疾病严重程度呈负相关(P均< 0.05)。

结论

COVID-19患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群存在不同程度表达失衡,与疾病严重程度呈负相关。检测外周血T淋巴细胞亚群水平对COVID-19诊断及病情严重程度评估具有重要意义。

Objective

To investigate the expression of peripheral T lymphocyte subsets of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods

Total of 93 patients with COVID-19 admitted to Infection Department of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from January 2020 to March 2020 were selected as research group, while 92 healthy follow-up individuals from April 2019 to March 2020 were randomly selected as control group. The levels of peripheral blood white blood cell (WBC), lymphocytes, CD3+ T, CD4+ T and CD8+ T lymphocytes were compared between the two groups. According to the clinical classification criteria in "New Coronavirus Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Plan (Trial Seventh Edition)" , patients with COVID-19 were divided into mild group, ordinary group, severe group and critical group. WBC, lymphocytes, CD3+ T, CD4+ T and CD8+ T lymphocytes were compared between each group at admission and at two weeks after admission, and the correlation between above the indexes and severity of the disease was analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient, respectively.

Results

Lymphocytes (t = 3.94, P < 0.001), CD3+ T (t = 3.33, P = 0.001), CD4+ T (t = 3.73, P < 0.001), CD8+ T (t = 2.18, P = 0.031) lymphocytes in COVID-19 patients were significantly lower than those in control group. Leukocytes of the patients with COVID-19 [(5.38 ± 2.97) × 109/L] was lower than that of control group [ (5.92 ± 1.16) × 109/L], but with no significant difference (t = 1.23, P = 0.222). Leukocytes of 93 patients with COVID-19 at two weeks after treatment were significantly higher than those at admission [(5.90 ± 1.96) × 109/L vs. (5.38 ± 2.97) × 109/L)], with significant difference (t =-3.47, P = 0.001), but there were no significant differences in lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subsets (all P > 0.05). The levels of leukocyte, T lymphocyte, CD3+ T, CD4+ T and CD8+ T lymphocytes at admission varied depending on the severity of the disease, and were negatively correlated with disease severity (all P < 0.05). The levels of T lymphocyte, CD3+ T and CD8+ T cell at two weeks of treatment were statistically different in patients with different clinical types, and were also negatively correlated with the severity of the disease (all P < 0.05).

Conclusions

There were imbalance expression of T lymphocyte subsets in patients with COVID-19, which were negatively correlated with the severity of the disease. The detection of peripheral T lymphocyte subsets was of great significance for the diagnosis and severity evaluation of COVID-19.

表1 一般资料
表2 COVID-19患者入院时外周血白细胞、淋巴细胞和T淋巴细胞亚群水平( ± s
表3 入院时与入院治疗2周时COVID-19患者外周血白细胞、淋巴细胞和T淋巴细胞亚群水平( ± s
表4 不同临床分型患者入院时与入院2周时外周血白细胞、淋巴细胞和T淋巴细胞亚群水平( ± s
组别 例数 白细胞(× 109/L) 淋巴细胞(× 109/L) CD3+ T细胞(个/μl) CD4+ T细胞(个/μl) CD8+ T细胞(个/μl) CD4+/CD8+ T
轻型 5            
  入院时   5.03 ± 1.47 1.89 ± 0.90 1 386 ± 235 723 ± 186 566 ± 76 1.29 ± 0.35
  入院2周时   6.43 ± 1.14 2.00 ± 0.44 1 149 ± 203 610 ± 160 476 ± 79 1.30 ± 0.36
  t   -2.60 -0.48 3.66 5.30 1.94 -0.12
  P   0.060 0.653 0.035 0.013 0.148 0.910
普通型 65            
  入院时   5.24 ± 1.84 1.75 ± 0.69 1 134 ± 436 617 ± 258 400 ± 169 1.69 ± 0.70
  入院2周时   5.73 ± 1.96 1.74 ± 0.56 1 109 ± 342 611 ± 240 399 ± 139 1.63 ± 0.63
  t   -2.00 0.12 1.42 1.34 0.89 0.33
  P   0.050 0.903 0.164 0.187 0.380 0.740
重型 18            
  入院时   4.72 ± 1.43 1.34 ± 0.37 854 ± 387 486 ± 245 302 ± 145 1.75 ± 0.65
  入院2周时   6.01 ± 1.84 1.40 ± 0.35 977 ± 351 579 ± 203 343 ± 184 1.92 ± 0.62
  t   -2.34 -0.61 -1.15 -1.02 -1.37 0.25
  P   0.032 0.552 0.279 0.336 0.205 0.807
危重型 5            
  入院时   9.98 ± 10.39 1.08 ± 0.67 254 ± 120 147 ± 73 89 ± 58 1.85 ± 0.97
  入院2周时   7.28 ± 2.86 0.97 ± 0.34 417 ± 126 279 ± 104 112 ± 19 2.50 ± 0.78
  t   0.58 0.60 -2.11 -1.76 -3.63 -0.51
  P   0.594 0.584 0.170 0.221 0.068 0.663
F1   4.95 3.37 7.66 5.56 7.67 0.55
P1   0.003 0.022 < 0.001 0.002 < 0.001 0.648
F2   1.14 5.78 4.41 2.04 4.56 3.04
P2   0.339 0.001 0.007 0.117 0.006 0.035
表5 COVID-19患者临床分型与白细胞和外周血T淋巴细胞亚群水平的相关性
图1 COVID-19患者临床分型与白细胞和外周血T淋巴细胞亚群水平的相关性
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