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中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (01) : 29 -36. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2021.01.006

所属专题: 文献

论著

某综合医院15年间肝病住院患者疾病谱变化分析
王桂爽1, 谢雯2, 万钢3, 赵红2,()   
  1. 1. 100015 北京,首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院医保中心
    2. 100015 北京,首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院肝病中心
    3. 100015 北京,首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院病案管理科
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-27 出版日期:2021-02-15
  • 通信作者: 赵红
  • 基金资助:
    北京市医院管理局重点医学专业发展计划(No. ZYLX201808); 北京市科学技术委员会科技计划重大项目(No. D171100003117005); 北京市医院管理局消化内科学科协同发展中心消化专项重点项目(No. XXZ0402)

Diseases spectrum changes of inpatients with liver diseases in a general hospital during 15 years

Guishuang Wang1, Wen Xie2, Gang Wan3, Hong Zhao2,()   

  1. 1. Medical Insurance Center, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
    2. Liver Diseases Center, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
    3. Medical Record Management Division, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100015, China
  • Received:2020-09-27 Published:2021-02-15
  • Corresponding author: Hong Zhao
引用本文:

王桂爽, 谢雯, 万钢, 赵红. 某综合医院15年间肝病住院患者疾病谱变化分析[J]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2021, 15(01): 29-36.

Guishuang Wang, Wen Xie, Gang Wan, Hong Zhao. Diseases spectrum changes of inpatients with liver diseases in a general hospital during 15 years[J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2021, 15(01): 29-36.

目的

分析近15年某综合医院肝病住院患者疾病谱的构成及变化趋势,为肝病管理提供依据。

方法

回顾性分析2005年1月至2019年12月于首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院住院的肝病患者临床资料,收集患者年龄、性别、出院诊断等信息,根据病案首页的ICD-10编码进行分类(病毒性肝炎B15-B19、肝疾病K70-K77、肝和肝内胆管恶性肿瘤C22.0-C22.9),分析疾病谱的变化趋势。

结果

共收集61 607例肝病患者,平均年龄(46.83 ± 15.29)岁,男性39 679例(64.41%);其中病毒性肝炎患者23 610例(38.32%)、肝疾病29 181例(47.37%)、肝肿瘤8 816例(14.31%)。病毒性肝炎导致肝病中,15年间甲型病毒性肝炎的构成比自0.68%降至0.48%,总体略呈下降趋势(Z = 5.10、P < 0.001);乙型病毒性肝炎的构成比自36.01%降至17.70%,呈下降趋势(Z = 31.40、P < 0.001);丙型病毒性肝炎自2005年的3.24%逐渐升至2011年的7.09%,后呈下降趋势,2019年降至1.36%,总体呈下降趋势(Z = 12.33、P < 0.001);戊型病毒性肝炎自5.76%降至1.34%,呈下降趋势(Z = 22.62、P < 0.001)。非病毒性肝炎导致肝病中,15年间酒精性肝病(ALD)自2.95%至6.84%,呈上升趋势(Z =-11.27、P < 0.001);自身免疫性肝病(AILD)自2.91%至4.39%,呈上升趋势(Z =-6.74、P < 0.001);药物性肝损伤(DILI)自1.26%至5.02%,呈上升趋势(Z =-10.61、P < 0.001);非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)自0.43%至3.49%,呈上升趋势(Z =-15.46、P < 0.001);其他肝病自1.37%至10.79%,呈上升趋势(Z =-10.61、P < 0.001)。在26 884例HBV相关病例中,慢性乙型病毒性肝炎(CHB)仍是本院住院患者的主要病种(55.84%),但总体呈下降趋势(Z = 34.30、P < 0.001);急性乙型病毒性肝炎占比8.46%,呈下降趋势(Z = 27.87、P < 0.001);乙型肝炎肝硬化占比19.61%,呈上升趋势(Z =-33.68、P < 0.001);HCC占比12.47%,呈上升趋势(Z =-17.89、P < 0.001);乙型肝炎肝功能衰竭占比3.62%,呈上升趋势(Z =-29.47、P < 0.001)。

结论

2005至2019年,本院病毒性肝炎住院病例及构成比逐渐下降,非传染性肝病住院病例及构成比逐渐增加。HBV相关疾病仍是目前住院的主要病种。

Objective

To investigate the spectrum and trend of liver diseases hospitalized in a general hospital within the past 15 years, and to provide the evidence for chronic liver diseases management.

Methods

The clinical data of patients admitted to Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2005 to December 2019 were analyzed, retrospectively. The patients’ age, gender and discharge diagnosis were collected, respectively. According to the ICD-10 code, the discharge diagnosis on the first page of the medical record were classified (viral hepatitis B15-B19, liver diseases K70-K77 and liver tumor C22.0-C22.9). The trend of the disease spectrum was analyzed.

Results

Total of 61 607 cases were collected, the average age was (46.83 ± 15.29) years old, male patients accounted for 64.41% (39 679 cases), including 23 610 cases (38.32%) with viral hepatitis, 29 181 cases (47.37%) with liver diseases, and 8 816 cases (14.31%) with liver tumor. From 2005 to 2019, among the liver diseases caused by viral hepatitis, the constituent ratio of viral hepatitis A dropped from 0.68% to 0.48%, and the overall trend was slightly decreased (Z = 5.10, P < 0.001); the constituent ratio of viral hepatitis B dropped from 36.01% to 17.70%, showing a downward trend (Z = 31.40, P < 0.001); hepatitis C gradually increased from 3.24% in 2005 to 7.09% in 2011, and then showed a downward trend, and dropped to 1.36% in 2019, with the overall trend down (Z = 12.33, P < 0.001); hepatitis E dropped from 5.76% to 1.34%, showing a downward trend (Z = 22.62, P < 0.001). Among the liver diseases caused by non-viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease (ALD) increased from 2.95% to 6.84% in 15 years, showing an upward trend (Z =-11.27, P < 0.001); autoimmune liver disease (AILD) increased from 2.91% to 4.39%, showing an upward trend (Z =-6.74, P < 0.001); drug-induced liver injury (DILI) increased from 1.26% to 5.02%, showing an upward trend (Z =-10.61, P < 0.001); non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rose from 0.43% to 3.49%, showing an upward trend (Z =-15.46, P < 0.001); other liver diseases rose from 1.37% to 10.79%, showing an upward trend (Z =-10.61, P < 0.001) ). Among the 26 884 HBV-related cases, chronic viral hepatitis B (CHB) was still the main type of disease hospitalized in this hospital (55.84%), but the overall trend was decreasing (Z = 34.30, P < 0.001); acute viral hepatitis B accounted for 8.46%, showing a downward trend (Z = 27.87, P < 0.001); hepatitis B related cirrhosis accounted for 19.61%, showing an upward trend (Z =-33.68, P < 0.001); HCC accounted for 12.47% , showing an upward trend (Z = -17.89, P < 0.001); hepatitis B liver failure accounted for 3.62%, showing an upward trend (Z =-29.47, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

From January 2005 to December 2019, the proportion of viral hepatitis decreased, and the proportion of non-infectious liver diseases increased. However, CHB was still the main disease in hospital at present.

表1 2005至2019年肝病住院患者各类肝病总体构成比及变化趋势[例(%)]
图1 2005至2019年本院肝病住院患者各类病毒性肝炎构成比变化趋势
图2 2005至2019年本院肝病住院患者非传染性肝病构成比变化趋势
图3 2005至2019年本院常见肝病住院患者性别构成比
表2 常见肝病住院患者不同年龄组构成比[例(%)]
肝病种类 0~17岁(1 087例) 18~44岁(25 151例) 45~59岁(22 363例) ≥ 60岁(13 006例) χ2 P
甲型病毒性肝炎 28(2.58) 186(0.74) 39(0.17) 11(0.08) 244.40 < 0.001
乙型病毒性肝炎 349(32.11) 12 539(49.85) 3 536(15.81) 862(6.63) 10 549.05 < 0.001
丙型病毒性肝炎 43(3.96) 1 159(4.61) 1 119(5.00) 560(4.31) 10.92 0.012
戊型病毒性肝炎 7(0.64) 422(1.68) 611(2.73) 487(3.74) 174.02 < 0.001
病毒性肝炎重叠感染 2(0.18) 129(0.51) 50(0.22) 15(0.12) 53.87 < 0.001
其他病毒性肝炎 192(17.66) 629(2.50) 414(1.85) 221(1.70) 1 155.06 < 0.001
非酒精性脂肪肝 25(2.30) 969(3.85) 229(1.02) 89(0.68) 619.94 < 0.001
酒精性肝病 0(0.00) 711(2.83) 1 572(7.03) 643(4.94) 517.75 < 0.001
药物性肝损伤 40(3.68) 906(3.60) 856(3.83) 538(4.14) 6.81 0.078
自身免疫性肝病 13(1.20) 295(1.17) 807(3.61) 733(5.64) 639.74 < 0.001
其他肝病 322(29.62) 1 695(6.74) 1 491(6.67) 939(7.22) 833.46 < 0.001
肝功能衰竭 26(2.39) 704(2.80) 1 055(4.72) 832(6.40) 298.82 < 0.001
肝纤维化/肝硬化 29(2.67) 3 406(13.54) 6 242(27.91) 4 014(30.86) 2 317.45 < 0.001
肝良性肿瘤 1(0.09) 191(0.76) 306(1.37) 118(0.91) 55.54 < 0.001
肝恶性肿瘤 10(0.92) 1 081(4.30) 3 679(16.45) 2 631(20.23) 2 790.19 < 0.001
肝继发性肿瘤 0(0.00) 129(0.51) 357(1.60) 313(2.41) 275.83 < 0.001
图4 2005至2019年HBV相关肝病构成比变化趋势
表3 不同年龄组患者HBV相关肝病构成比[例(%)]
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