探讨感染指标在疟疾诊断中的价值。

本研究采用回顾性分析方法，共纳入2011年11月至2015年3月于首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院住院的118例疟疾患者，124例局部细菌感染者以及64例败血症患者，对患者一般资料和感染指标进行分析，比较各组患者局部细菌感染、败血症和疟疾患者白细胞、C-反应蛋白和降钙素原等感染指标的差异。

疟疾患者的降钙素原较局部感染者显著升高（χ² = 5.89、P < 0.001），但与败血症患者差异无统计学意义（χ² =－0.93、P = 1.000）；疟疾患者的C-反应蛋白水平较败血症患者（χ² = 5.32、P < 0.001）和局部感染者（χ² = 7.85、P < 0.001）显著升高，差异均具有统计学意义；重症疟疾患者PCT较普通疟疾患者显著升高，差异具有统计学意义（Z =－3.04、P = 0.002）。

疟疾患者降钙素原和C-反应蛋白显著升高，有助于疟疾和不明原因感染的鉴别诊断。

To evaluate the significance of markers of inflammation in the diagnosis of malaria.

Total of 118 patients with malaria, 124 patients with local bacterial infection and 64 patients with sepsis hospitalized in Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University from November 2011 to March 2015 were collected. The general condition and laboratory results of infection of patients were analyzed, retrospectively. The differences of WBC, C-reactive protein and procalcitonin were compared between patients with local bacterial infection, sepsis and malaria, respectively.

The levels of procalcitonin (χ² = 5.89, P < 0.001) in patients with malaria were significantly higher than that of patients with local infection, which was not significantly different compared with patients with malaria and sepsis (χ² =-0.93, P = 1.000). The level of C-reactive protein in patients with malaria was significantly higher than that of patients with sepsis (χ² = 5.32, P < 0.001) and patients with local infection (χ² = 7.85、P < 0.001), with significant differeces. The malaria patients with severe complications had significant higher procalcitonin levels than those without severe complication (Z =-3.04, P = 0.002).

Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein increased significantly in patients with malaria. The increased procalcitonin and C-reactive protein contributed to the differential diagnosis of malaria and unexplained infection.