比较初治涂阳肺结核合并糖尿病标准治疗与短程治疗的临床疗效，为有效治疗措施提供理论依据。

自1997年1月至2007年1月，将1 286例初治涂阳肺结核合并糖尿病患者作为研究对象，根据自愿原则，将所有患者分为标准治疗方案组（观察组）724例和短程治疗方案组（对照组）562例。观察两组患者不同时间段血糖、痰菌转阴率以及X线病灶吸收好转情况。

与对照组比较，观察组患者在T1～3时间段的FPG、2 h PG均显著降低，痰菌转阴率分别为78.31%、96.54%和98.76%（χ² = 3.86、6.64、6.91，P = 0.049、0.015、0.038）以及X线病灶吸收好转率分别为23.07%、55.11%和95.17%，且差异均具有统计学意义（χ²= 12.36、13.17、14.25，P = 0.004、0.001、0.027）。

标准治疗可较好地改善初治涂阳肺结核合并糖尿病患者的血糖，提高痰菌转阴率，促进X线病灶吸收好转。

To compare clinical effects of standard treatment and short term treatment new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis combined with diabetes, and to provide the basis for effective treatment measures.

From January 1997 to January 2007, a total of 1 286 cases with new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis combined with diabetes were selected, according to voluntariness principle, all 1 286 patients were diveded into standard treatment project group (short for observation group) with 724 cases and short term treatment project group (short for control group) with 562 cases. The blood sugar level, sputum negative conversion rate, and X-ray focus absorption improvement at different stages of patients in the two group were analyzed, respectively.

Compared with control group, the levels of FPG and 2 h PG of patients in the observation group significantly decreased at T1-3 time stage, sputum negative conversion rates were 78.31%, 96.54% and 98.76% (χ² = 3.86, 6.64, 6.91; P = 0.049, 0.015, 0.038) and X-ray focus absorption improvement ratas were 23.07%, 55.11% and 95.17%, respectively, all significantly increased (χ²= 12.36, 13.17, 14.25; P = 0.004, 0.001, 0.027).

Standard treatment could improve new smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis combined with the levels of blood sugar, sputum negative conversion rate, and X-ray focus absorption improvement of patients with diabetes.