探讨与大肠癌术后并发院内感染相关的危险因素，以指导临床采取合理的防治措施。

选择2012年1月至2014年2月收住本院的80例大肠癌根治术后患者作为研究对象。其中，男性48例，女性32例。患者年龄41～79岁，平均年龄（59.5 ± 18.5）岁。住院期间发生院内感染19例。对患者年龄、性别、病变部位、基因类型、感染部位、病原菌类型、围术期接受激素/抗菌药物的情况以及住院时间等维度的指标进行比较，考察与患者发生院内感染相关的影响因素。

大肠癌患者术后是否发生院内感染，与其年龄（OR = 9.67，95%CI：1.13～16.83）、基因类型（HER-2）（OR = 7.32，95%CI：1.32～19.81）、感染部位（OR = 5.98，95%CI：1.25～10.74）、病原菌类型（OR = 6.44，95%CI：1.06～14.73）、围术期激素/抗菌药物的使用（OR = 0.66，95%CI：0.02～3.88）、住院时间（OR = 4.79，95%CI：1.00～9.91）等因素均有相关性，其中，> 60岁（χ² = 11.18、P = 0.02）、HER-2（+）（χ² = 9.89、P = 0.04），伤口/吻合口的感染（χ² = 7.21、P = 0.01）、合并G^-杆菌感染（χ² = 11.33、P = 0.03）以及围术期使用激素/抗菌药物（χ² = 10.94、P = 0.04）、住院时间长（χ² = 5.91、P = 0.03）均是其相关危险因素。

临床科室需加强对大肠癌患者术后住院期间发生感染的监控和防范，合理应用激素或抗菌药物，加强对手术吻合口处的清洁和消毒，尤其对于老龄患者，需尽量改善患者的营养状况和提高免疫力，以降低院内感染的发生率。

To explore the related risk factors of nosocomial infection in patients with colorectal cancer postoperative, and to provide a available reference data for the clinical reasonable prevention measures.

From 2012 January to 2014 February, a total of 80 cases of hospitalized patients with radical resection of colorectal cancer selection were selected, with 48 cases of male, 32 cases of female; with of the age 41-79 years old, the average age was (59.5 ± 18.5) years old. There were 19 cases with hospital infection. The hospitalized infection were compared with the patients without infection in age, sex, the lesion, gene type, infection sites, pathogenic bacteria types, perioperative hormone/antibiotics, and hospitalization time and other indexes, in order to find the influencing factors on nosocomial infection.

Nosocomial infection in the patients with colorectal cancer postoperative were significantly correlated with their age (OR = 9.67, 95%CI: 1.13-16.83), gene types (HER-2) (OR = 7.32, 95%CI: 1.32-19.81), the sites of infection (OR = 5.98, 95%CI: 1.25-10.74), pathogenic bacteria types (OR = 6.44, 95%CI: 1.06-14.73), perioperative hormone/antibiotics use (OR = 0.66, 95%CI: 0.02-3.88), hospitalization time and other factors (OR = 4.79, 95%CI: 1.00-9.91). And age of older than 60 years old (χ² = 11.18, P = 0.02), HER-2 (+) (χ² = 9.89, P = 0.04), wound/anastomotic infection (χ² = 7.21, P = 0.01), anastomotic/with G^- infection (χ² = 11.33, P = 0.03), perioperative use of hormones/antimicrobial agents (χ² = 10.94, P = 0.04) and the length of hospitalization (χ² = 5.91, P = 0.03) were the risk factors of infection.

The clinicians should strengthen the patients of colorectal cancer postoperative on monitoring and preventing the influencing factors of infection, including shortening the hospital period, rational use of hormones or antibiotics, strengthening the surgical anastomosis cleaning and disinfection, especially improving the elder patient’s nutritional status and immunity, to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection.