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Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition) ›› 2026, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (02): 114-121. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2026.02.007

• Research Article • Previous Articles    

Relationship between lactate dehydrogenase level and liver function impairment and glucose metabolic characteristics of children with Mycoplasmal pneumoniae pneumonia of different ages

Fanhua Meng(), Chengwen Yang, Lizheng Yang   

  1. Neonatal Department of Woyang Branch Anhui Provincial Hospital, Bozhou 233600, China
  • Received:2025-06-24 Online:2026-04-15 Published:2026-06-09
  • Contact: Fanhua Meng

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the relationship between lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and abnormal liver function as well as glucose metabolism characteristics of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) of different ages.

Methods

Total of 199 children with MPP hospitalized at Woyang Branch of Anhui Provincial Hospital from May 2020 to November 2023 were selected. All children were divided into infant group (≤3 years old, 75 cases), preschool group (3-6 years old, 64 cases) and school-age group (≥6 years old, 60 cases) according to age. Additionally, the children were divided into normal liver function group (119 cases) and abnormal liver function group (80 cases) based on whether their serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were abnormal. The mediating effect of LDH on the relationship between fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was tested by the Bootstrap method; the nonlinear association between LDH and the risk of liver dysfunction was analyzed by the restricted cubic spline regression method; and the relationship between LDH and liver function in children of different age groups was analyzed by the generalized linear mixed-effects model (GLMMs).

Results

There were statistically significant differences among different age groups. Age, duration of hospital stay, days of fever, C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophils (NEU), procalcitonin (PCT), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), LDH, ALT, AST, fasting blood-glucose and HbA1c were significantly different among infant group, preschool group and school-age group (all P<0.05). Levels of CRP, NEU, ESR, PCT, LDH, ALT, AST, fasting blood-glucose and HbA1c were significantly different between children of normal liver function group and abnormal liver function group (all P<0.05). Bootstrap method test results showed that LDH played a partial mediating role between blood glucose and HbA1c: during normal liver function group, the mediating effect value of LDH was 0.082 (95%CI: 0.041-0.132), and the proportion of mediating effect in the total effect was 38.26%; During the abnormal liver function group, the mediating effect value of LDH was 0.105 (95%CI: 0.057-0.158), and the proportion of mediating effect in the total effect was 41.47%. The restricted cubic spline regression analysis showed that there was a significant nonlinear relationship between LDH and the risk of liver function (Poverall<0.001, Pnonlinear=0.023). GLMMs results showed that among different age groups of children with MPP, LDH levels deviating from the normal range were associated with an increased risk of abnormal liver function, with significant differences (all P<0.05).

Conclusions

There is a significant mediating effect between LDH level of children with MPP of different age groups and the indicators of glucose metabolism. Moreover, LDH level shows a significant nonlinear dose-response relationship with the risk of liver dysfunction. LDH can be used as a potential biomarker for assessing the risk of liver function impairment and glucose metabolism disorders among children with MPP.

Key words: Lactate dehydrogenase, Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, Abnormal liver function, Glucose metabolism

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