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中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版) ›› 2020, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (04) : 301 -307. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-1358.2020.04.007

所属专题: 文献

论著

获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者耳部疾患的临床特征
张立松1,(), 房高丽1, 侯静1, 马爱民1   
  1. 1. 100015 北京,首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院耳鼻咽喉科,感染病科国家临床重点专科,北京市中西医结合感染性疾病研究所
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-03 出版日期:2020-08-15
  • 通信作者: 张立松

Clinical analysis of ear diseases in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Lisong Zhang1,(), Gaoli Fang1, Jing Hou1, Aimin Ma1   

  1. 1. Department of Otolaryngology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University; The National Clinical Key Department of Infectious Diseases; Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases of Combination of Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, 100015 Beijing, China
  • Received:2020-01-03 Published:2020-08-15
  • Corresponding author: Lisong Zhang
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Zhang Lisong, Email:
引用本文:

张立松, 房高丽, 侯静, 马爱民. 获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者耳部疾患的临床特征[J]. 中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版), 2020, 14(04): 301-307.

Lisong Zhang, Gaoli Fang, Jing Hou, Aimin Ma. Clinical analysis of ear diseases in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome[J]. Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition), 2020, 14(04): 301-307.

目的

探讨获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)患者耳部病变的临床特征。

方法

回顾性分析2015年1月至2019年6月因耳部疾病于首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院就诊的91例AIDS患者的临床资料,并选取150例有耳部疾患的非AIDS患者为对照组。对患者耳部症状及体征进行分析,并比较不同CD4+ T水平AIDS患者及对照组耳部疾患的治疗及转归。

结果

91例AIDS患者中急慢性炎性疾病34例(37.4%);耳聋44例(48.4%),其中感音神经性聋25例,含突发性聋9例;耳疱疹10例(11.0%);耳部肿物5例(5.5%),其中卡波西肉瘤4例,表皮囊肿1例;单纯耳神经及前庭功能异常15例(16.5%),临床症状为单纯耳鸣7例,眩晕5例,神经性耳痛3例。72例AIDS患者接受HAART治疗,78例接受耳部疾病的针对性治疗,3例未行任何治疗;对照组150例患者均接受耳部疾病的针对性治疗。经耳部针对性治疗后,CD4+ T> 200个/μl的AIDS患者耳部疾病治疗有效率显著高于CD4+ T< 200个/μl AIDS患者,差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 7.734、P = 0.005),而较对照组耳部疾病治疗有效率差异无统计学意义(χ2 = 0.003、P = 0.959)。

结论

AIDS患者的耳部疾患以炎症性疾病为主,症状重、易反复发作、不易治愈。除炎症外,还可出现耳聋、疱疹及特异性疾病,如卡波西肉瘤等。其治疗以改善全身免疫状态为主,局部对症治疗为辅。

Objective

To investigate the clinical characteristics of ear diseases in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Methods

From January 2015 to June 2019, the clinical data of 91 AIDS patients complicated with ear diseases were analyzed, retrospectively, while 150 patients with ear diseases but without AIDS were selected as the control group. The ear symptoms and signs of patients with AIDS were analyzed, and the treatment and outcome of ear diseases of AIDS patients with different CD4+ T and control group were compared, respectively.

Results

Among the 91 patients with AIDS, 34 (37.4%) cases were with acute and chronic inflammatory diseases; 44 (48.4%) cases with deafness, including 25 cases with sensorineural deafness and 9 cases with sudden deafness; 10 (11.0%) cases with ear herpes, 5 (5.5%) cases with ear tumors, including 4 cases with Kaposi’s sarcoma and 1 case with epidermic cyst; 15 (16.5%) cases with simple nerve and vestibular dysfunction, whose clinical symptoms were simple tinnitus (7 cases), vertigo (5 cases) and neuralgia (3 cases). Among the enrolled patients, 72 patients with AIDS received HAART, 78 patients received targeted treatment for ear diseases, and 3 patients did not receive any treatment. All 150 patients in conrol group received targeted treatment for ear diseases. The effective rate of ear diseases in AIDS patients with CD4+ T > 200 cells/μl was significantly higher than those of cases with CD4+ T < 200 cells/μl, with significant difference (χ2 = 7.734, P = 0.005); but without significant difference compared with the conrol group (χ2 = 0.003, P = 0.959).

Conclusions

The ear diseases of patients with AIDS were mainly inflammatory diseases with severe symptoms, easy to recur and difficult to cure. In addition to inflammation, deaf, herpes and specific diseases, such as Kaposi’s sarcoma and so on may also appear. The treatment of this kind of disease was mainly to improve the immune status of the whole body, and local symptomatic treatment was complementary.

表1 AIDS患者和对照组耳部疾病的一般资料
表2 AIDS和对照组患者的耳部疾病[例(%)]
表3 91例AIDS患者的感染类型
表4 入组患者耳部疾病的治疗及转归(例)
表5 不同CD4+ T水平AIDS患者及对照组耳部疾病转归[例(%)]
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